Longitudinal assessment of interstitial lung abnormalities on CT in patients with COPD using artificial intelligence-based segmentation: a prospective observational study

Table 4 Longitudinal changes in AIQCT indices

	Consistently without ILAs	New ILAs	Adjusted difference	P value
n	103	8
ILD volume, mL	-2.51 ± 33.45	204.20 ± 235.75	197.2 [145, 249.4]	< 0.001
%	-0.11 ± 0.96	4.64 ± 5.46	4.6 [3.3, 5.9]	< 0.001
Ground-glass opacity, mL	-5.31 ± 29.90	110.11 ± 163.87	111.9 [72.6, 151.2]	< 0.001
%	-0.17 ± 0.90	2.63 ± 4.30	2.8 [1.7, 3.8]	< 0.001
Reticulation, mL	1.91 ± 6.72	85.98 ± 160.76	78.6 [46.6, 110.5]	< 0.001
%	0.04 ± 0.15	1.83 ± 3.39	1.7 [1, 2.4]	< 0.001
Honeycombing, mL	0.89 ± 4.19	8.11 ± 12.77	6.7 [2.7, 10.7]	< 0.001
%	0.02 ± 0.08	0.18 ± 0.27	0.1 [0.1, 0.2]	< 0.001
Consolidation, mL	4.75 ± 30.81	5.17 ± 8.59	-0.2 [-23.4, 23]	0.99
%	0.08 ± 0.53	0.11 ± 0.18	0 [-0.4, 0.4]	0.90
Nodules, mL	0.29 ± 4.39	8.29 ± 13.62	8.2 [4.2, 12.3]	< 0.001
%	0.00 ± 0.12	0.17 ± 0.30	0.2 [0.1, 0.3]	< 0.001
Bronchi, mL	3.15 ± 14.79	15.00 ± 30.70	10.8 [-1.8, 23.3]	0.09
%	0.07 ± 0.32	0.32 ± 0.69	0.2 [-0.1, 0.5]	0.13
Vessels, mL	-7.26 ± 59.18	14.32 ± 87.75	27.1 [-19.8, 74]	0.25
%	-0.12 ± 1.17	0.38 ± 1.94	0.7 [-0.3, 1.6]	0.17
Hyperlucency, mL	253.80 ± 467.99	236.01 ± 394.52	162.1 [-167.6, 491.8]	0.33
%	4.95 ± 10.50	4.76 ± 7.89	3.8 [-3.5, 11.1]	0.30

Data are the mean ± standard deviation or adjusted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses. The differences between patients who did not develop ILA and those who developed ILA were adjusted by age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and cumulative smoking exposure. ILA interstitial lung abnormality; ILD interstitial lung disease

ISSN: 1471-2466