Fig. 4

Comparison of changes in outcomes from baseline to different time points between treatments with patients being stratified into GOLD A + B and GOLD C + D groups in the ITT and the PP population. Group 1, medical treatment (MT); Group 2, medical treatment combined with endurance training (MT + ET); Group 3, medical treatment combined with resistance training (MT + RT). Δ: value changes between baseline and different time points of follow-up. T3, at the end of programs; T6 and T12, at 6 and 12-month follow-up. * Different from the MT group: P < 0.05. ^aDifference between the exercise training groups: P < 0.05. #, the change in value exceeded the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) for the outcome.