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Table 4 Association between respiratory symptoms and air pollutant levels and other exposures sources among infant residents in Salamanca, Guanajuato 2004 - 2005

From: Impact of air pollution on pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms in children. Longitudinal repeated-measures study

Respiratory symptoms

 

Wheezing OR† (95%CI)

Rhinorrhea OR† (95%CI)

Eczema OR† (95%CI)

ARTI OR† (95%CI)

Dyspnea OR † (95%CI)

Hospitalization by ARTI OR† (95%CI)

O 3 ( μg/m 3 )

1.0464 (1.0160, 1.0777)*

1.0429 (1.0000, 1.0881)*

0.9973 (0.9770, 1.0181)

1.0820 (1.0405, 1.1251)*

1.0313 (1.0025, 1.0609)*

1.0008 (0.9893, 1.0123)

SO 2 ( μg/m 3 )

1.0213 (1.0018, 1.0413)*

0.9929 (0.9675, 1.0209)

0.9969 (0.9835, 1.0105)

1.0521 (1.0254, 1.0794)*

1.0082 (0.9893, 1.0271)

0.9985 (0.9910, 1.0061)

NO 2 ( μg/m 3 )

0.8432 (0.7630, 1.0318)

0.8443 (0.7312, 1.0748)

1.0714 (0.9990, 1.1490)

0.8942 (0.7832, 1.0208)

0.9236 (0.8394, 1.0167)

1.0378 (0.9982, 1.0791)

PM 10 ( μg/m 3 )

1.0478 (1.0329, 1.0630)*

1.0318 (1.0107, 1.0534)*

0.9974 (0.9875, 1.0075)

1.0977 (1.0771, 1.1188)*

1.0184 (1.0044, 1.0378)*

0.9991 (0.9935, 1.0047)

Temperature (°C)

0.6520 (0.5407, 0.7863)*

0.8914 (0.6810, 1.1668)

1.0457 (0.9174, 1.0192)

0.3842 (0.2998, 2.0312)

0.8669 (0.7242, 1.0378)

0.9975 (0.9273, 1.0730)

School

1.6696 (1.2966, 2.499)*

1.5749 (1.0955, 2.2645)*

0.8596 (0.7206, 1.0253)

1.5218 (1.0897, 2.1252)*

1.2422 (0.9745, 1.5834)

0.9386 (0.8508, 1.0355)

Atopy

1.0535 (0.9735, 1.1400)

1.1192 (1.0102, 1.2399)*

1.0493 (1.0018, 1.0991)*

1.0873 (0.9973, 1.1855)

1.0631 (0.9901, 1.1415)

1.0257 (0.9996, 1.0525)

Allergen

1.0127 (0.9719, 1.0552)

0.9620 (0.9120, 1.0147)

1.0078 (0.9838, 1.0324)

1.0097 (0.9653, 1.0562)

0.9715 (0.9362, 1.0081)

0.9961 (0.9828, 1.0096)

Fossil fuels

1.0084 (0.9683, 1.0503)

1.0537 (0.999, 1.1108)

1.0015 (0.9779, 1.0256)

0.9940 (0.9507, 1.0393)

1.0007 (0.9648, 1.0381)

0.9993 (0.9861, 1.0127)

Passive smoking

1.0259 (0.9826, 1.0711)

1.0010 (0.9465, 1.0586)

1.0159 (0.9905, 1.0419)

1.0432 (0.9951, 1.0937)

1.0253 (0.9862, 1.0659)

1.0086 (0.9945, 1.0230)

  1. † Odds ratio (95%CI) (Confidence interval) by 10 μg/m3 increase of O3, SO2, NO2 and PM10, and 10°C increase in temperature in multilevel logistic models with slope as random effects, adjusted by height, BMI, sex and age; clustering by child
  2. * p-value < 0.05
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