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  1. Content type: Research article

    Culturing of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid is a commonly used method for pathogen detection in pneumonia. However, the sensitivity is low, especially in patients pre-treated with anti-infective agents. Th...

    Authors: Eva Tschiedel, Arkadius Goralski, Jörg Steinmann, Peter-Michael Rath, Margarete Olivier, Uwe Mellies, Tanja Kottmann and Florian Stehling

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:132

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) reduces the rate of endotracheal intubation (ETI) and overall mortality in severe acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) with acute respiratory failure and is increasingly applied in...

    Authors: Alexandru T. Steriade, Shirin Johari, Nicoleta Sargarovschi, Daniela Necula, Cornelia E. Tudose, Diana Ionita, Miron A. Bogdan and Dragos Bumbacea

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:131

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  3. Content type: Research article

    The aim of this study was to analyze the relative frequency, clinical characteristics, disease onset and progression in f-IPF vs. sporadic IPF (s-IPF).

    Authors: Ekaterina Krauss, Godja Gehrken, Fotios Drakopanagiotakis, Silke Tello, Ruth C. Dartsch, Olga Maurer, Anita Windhorst, Daniel von der Beck, Matthias Griese, Werner Seeger and Andreas Guenther

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:130

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  4. Content type: Technical advance

    Tralokinumab is an anti–interleukin (IL)-13 monoclonal antibody investigated for the treatment of severe, uncontrolled asthma in two Phase III clinical trials, STRATOS 1 and 2. The STRATOS 1 biomarker analysis...

    Authors: Mattis Gottlow, David J. Svensson, Ilya Lipkovich, Monika Huhn, Karin Bowen, Peter Wessman and Gene Colice

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:129

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  5. Content type: Research article

    In people with and without Cystic Fibrosis (CF), does side lying during nebulisation change: the proportion of the dose loaded in the nebuliser that is deposited in the lungs; the uniformity of deposition thro...

    Authors: Ruth L. Dentice, Mark R. Elkins, Jordan Verschuer, Stefan Eberl, Genevieve Dwyer and Peter T. P. Bye

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:128

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  6. Content type: Research article

    In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, all efforts should be made to prevent exacerbations because each event modifies the trajectory of the disease. Treatment recommendations are mostly built...

    Authors: Laurie Pahus, Pierre-Régis Burgel, Nicolas Roche, Jean-Louis Paillasseur and Pascal Chanez

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:127

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  7. Content type: Research article

    The Nelson mortality results were presented in September 2018. Four other randomized control trials (RCTs) were also reported the latest mortality outcomes in 2018 and 2019. We therefore conducted a meta-analy...

    Authors: Kai-Lin Huang, Shih-Yuan Wang, Wan-Chen Lu, Ya-Hui Chang, Jian Su and Yen-Ta Lu

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:126

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  8. Content type: Research article

    Medical thoracoscopy is considered an overall safe procedure, whereas numbers of studies focus on complications of diagnostic thoracoscopy and talc poudrage pleurodesis. We conduct this study to evaluate the s...

    Authors: Yun-Yan Wan, Cong-Cong Zhai, Xin-Shan Lin, Zhou-Hong Yao, Qing-Hua Liu, Ling Zhu, De-Zhi Li, Xi-Li Li, Ning Wang and Dian-Jie Lin

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:125

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  9. Content type: Research article

    Pulmonary tuberculosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Drug resistance, a huge problem in this contagious disease, is driven by point mutations in the Mycobacterium tubercul...

    Authors: David Patrick Kateete, Rogers Kamulegeya, Edgar Kigozi, Fred Ashaba Katabazi, Deus Lukoye, Sindani Ireneaus Sebit, Hergeye Abdi, Peter Arube, George William Kasule, Kenneth Musisi, Myalo Glen Dlamini, Derrick Khumalo and Moses L. Joloba

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:124

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  10. Content type: Research article

    In Latin America, there is scarce information about severe asthma (SA) according to the ERS/ATS 2014 criteria. This study aimed to compare the demographic, socio, clinical characteristics, treatment, and use o...

    Authors: Hugo Neffen, Felipe Moraes, Karynna Viana, Valentina Di Boscio, Gur Levy, Claudia Vieira, Gabriela Abreu and Claudia Soares

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:123

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  11. Content type: Case report

    Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is characterised by the main violation of the upper and lower respiratory tract and kidney. GPA is considered a systemic vasculitis of medium-sized and small blood vessel...

    Authors: Lei Pan, Jun-Hong Yan, Fu-Quan Gao, Hong Li, Sha-Sha Han, Guo-Hong Cao, Chang-Jun Lv and Xiao-Zhi Wang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:122

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  12. Content type: Research article

    The effectiveness of Incentive spirometry (IS) in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) remains lacking. We conducted a population-based study to investigate the effectiveness of IS on pat...

    Authors: Chin-Jung Liu, Wen-Chen Tsai, Chia-Chen Chu, Chih-Hsin Muo and Wei-Sheng Chung

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:121

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) who show features related to autoimmunity without meeting criteria for a defined connective tissue disease are categorized as interstitial pneumonia with autoimmun...

    Authors: Jeong Uk Lim, Bo Mi Gil, Hye Seon Kang, Jongyeol Oh, Yong Hyun Kim and Soon Seog Kwon

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:120

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  14. Content type: Case report

    There are few cases of multiple bronchial stenoses reported in the literature and none of the severity described here. The case is relevant due to its rareness, the pathophysiological insights derived, the suc...

    Authors: Thomas Crowhurst, Joshua Lightfoot, Aeneas Yeo, Benjamin Reddi, Phan Nguyen, Helen Whitford and Chien-Li Holmes-Liew

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:119

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Despite well-defined criteria for use of antibiotics in patients presenting with mild to moderate Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD), their overuse is widespread. We hypothesi...

    Authors: Mayanka Tickoo, Robin Ruthazer, Amit Bardia, Shira Doron, Gabriela M. Andujar-Vazquez, Bradley J. Gardiner, David R. Snydman and Sebastian G. Kurz

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:118

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  16. Content type: Research article

    Although infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasing in prevalence, there are few data about hemoptysis in patients with NTM lung disease. This study investigated the characteristics ...

    Authors: Su Hwan Lee, Jin Hwa Lee, Jung Hyun Chang, Soo Jung Kim, Hee-Young Yoon, Sung Shine Shim, Min Uk Kim, Sun Young Choi and Yon Ju Ryu

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:117

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  17. Content type: Research article

    With rising medical costs, stakeholders and healthcare professionals are exploring community-based solutions to relieve the burden of chronic diseases and reduce health care spending. The community health work...

    Authors: Trisha M. Parekh, Carla R. Copeland, Mark T. Dransfield and Andrea Cherrington

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:116

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  18. Content type: Research article

    We aimed to evaluate whether serum activin-A levels are elevated and have any value in predicting severity and prognosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

    Authors: Jee-min Kim, Jung-Kyu Lee, Sun Mi Choi, Jinwoo Lee, Young Sik Park, Chang-Hoon Lee, Jae-Joon Yim, Chul-Gyu Yoo, Young Whan Kim, Sung Koo Han and Sang-Min Lee

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:115

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Tuberculous pleurisy and malignancy are two of the most common causes of pleural effusion. IL-33 is expressed in the epithelial lining and endothelial cells and is released after cell damage; it is proposed to...

    Authors: Abdel-sadek Hamed Al-aarag, Mohammad Hussein Kamel, Eman Ramadan Abdelgawad, Shaimaa Magdy Abo-Youssef, Hany Hussein Moussa, Marwa Elsayed Elnaggar, Rasha Mohammad Hendy and Koot Ahmad Diab

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:114

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  20. Content type: Research article

    Here, we present real-world data on the incidence and risk factors of acute exacerbation (AE) in patients with chronic fibrotic interstitial pneumonia (CFIP) treated with antifibrotic agents, which has been pr...

    Authors: Kodai Kawamura, Kazuya Ichikado, Hidenori Ichiyasu, Keisuke Anan, Yuko Yasuda, Moritaka Suga and Takuro Sakagami

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:113

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  21. Content type: Research article

    The respiratory microbiome is altered in COPD patients but its relationship with core components of the disease, such as the severity of airflow limitation, the frequency of exacerbations or the circulating le...

    Authors: Laura Millares, Sergi Pascual, Concepción Montón, Marian García-Núñez, Cristina Lalmolda, Rosa Faner, Carme Casadevall, Laia Setó, Silvia Capilla, Amàlia Moreno, Ady Angélica Castro-Acosta, Carlos José Alvarez-Martinez, Oriol Sibila, Germán Peces-Barba, Borja G. Cosio, Alvar Agustí…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:112

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  22. Content type: Research article

    Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a severe systemic manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) represents the gold standard for the diagnosis of ILD, but its routin...

    Authors: A. Manfredi, G. Cassone, S. Cerri, V. Venerito, A. L. Fedele, M. Trevisani, F. Furini, O. Addimanda, F. Pancaldi, G. Della Casa, R. D’Amico, R. Vicini, G. Sandri, P. Torricelli, I. Celentano, A. Bortoluzzi…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:111

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  23. Content type: Research article

    Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening disease; however, its treatment has not yet been fully established. The progression of ARDS is considered to be mediated by altered intercellula...

    Authors: Sotaro Shikano, Yasuhiro Gon, Shuichiro Maruoka, Tetsuo Shimizu, Yutaka Kozu, Yuko Iida, Mari Hikichi, Mai Takahashi, Shinichi Okamoto, Kota Tsuya, Asami Fukuda, Kenji Mizumura and Shu Hashimoto

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:110

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Evaluating severity of illness of patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) is important to adopt the best appropriate care management for each individual. Yet, no severity-of-illness scoring system...

    Authors: Joao C. Winck, Hélène Gilet, Peter Kalin, Javier Murcia, Fabian Plano, Antoine Regnault, Michael Dreher, Michele Vitacca and Nicolino Ambrosino

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:109

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  25. Content type: Research article

    We previously demonstrated that the pleural levels of proteins (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/NGAL, calprotectin, bactericidal permeability-increasing/BPI, azurocidin 1/AZU-1) were valuable marker...

    Authors: Kuo-An Wu, Chih-Ching Wu, Yu-Ching Liu, Pei-Chun Hsueh, Chia-Yin Chin, Chih-Liang Wang, Chi-Ming Chu, Li-Jane Shih and Chia-Yu Yang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:108

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Asthma is a chronic disease affecting 30 million people in Europe under 45y. Poor control of Asthma is the main cause of emergency-department (ED) access, becoming the strongest determinant of the economic bur...

    Authors: Laura Losappio, Enrico Heffler, Rossella Carpentiere, Monica Fornero, Cosimo Damiano Cannito, Francesco Guerrera, Francesca Puggioni, Riccardo Monti, Stefania Nicola, Giovanni Rolla and Luisa Brussino

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:107

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  27. Content type: Research article

    Treatment of patients with Cystic Fibrosis homozygous for the Phe508del gene, with Lumacaftor /Ivacaftor (LUM/IVA) improves outcomes in patients with FEV1 > 40% predicted. We set out to observe the most sensitive...

    Authors: Peter A. B. Wark, Kim Cookson, Theeba Thiruchelvam, John Brannan and Douglas J. Dorahy

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:106

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Epidemiological research on health effects of livestock exposure in population subgroups with compromised respiratory health is still limited. The present study explored the association between livestock expos...

    Authors: Christos Baliatsas, Lidwien A. M. Smit, Michel L. A. Dückers, Christel E. van Dijk, Dick Heederik and C. Joris Yzermans

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:105

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  29. Content type: Research article

    Bronchial Dieulafoy’s disease (BDD) is a rare disease that is known to be a cause of hemorrhage. The characteristics of this disease are still unknown. The present study describes the disorder based on a revie...

    Authors: Xin Qian, Qiong Du, Na Wei, Meifang Wang, Hansheng Wang and Yijun Tang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:104

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  30. Content type: Research article

    This study assessed the effects of ursolic acid (UA) on airway-vessel remodeling and muscle atrophy in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced emphysema rats and investigated potential underlying mechanisms.

    Authors: Li Lin, Gang Hou, Dan Han, Yan Yin, Jian Kang and Qiuyue Wang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:103

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  31. Content type: Research article

    The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Anhui Province of eastern China remain uncertain. The present study provides the first estimate of the prevalence and risk factors of COPD in A...

    Authors: Zhenqiu Zha, Ruixue Leng, Wei Xu, Heling Bao, Yeji Chen, Liwen Fang, Zhirong Liu and Dongqing Ye

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:102

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Malignant endobronchial mass (MEM) has poor prognosis, cryotherapy is reportedly to diagnose MEM, however, the therapeutic role of cryotherapy impacts on survival has not be well addressed.

    Authors: Fu-Tsai Chung, Chun-Liang Chou, Yu-Lun Lo, Chih-Hsi Kuo, Tsai-Yu Wang, Chun-Hwa Wang, Hung-Yu Huang, Horng-Chyuan Lin, Chih-Hao Chang, Chung-Shu Lee, Hao-Cheng Chen and Shu-Min Lin

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:101

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  33. Content type: Case report

    Pleural involvement by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in patients without distinct pulmonary disease is extremely rare. Vertebral osteomyelitis (VO) with or without pulmonary disease is also a rare clinica...

    Authors: Naoki Kadota, Tsutomu Shinohara, Hiroyuki Hino, Yuichiro Goda, Yoshiro Murase, Satoshi Mitarai and Fumitaka Ogushi

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:100

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  34. Content type: Study protocol

    Asthma is now widely recognised to be a heterogeneous disease. The last two decades have seen the identification of a number of biological targets and development of various novel therapies. Despite this, asth...

    Authors: Adnan Azim, Heena Mistry, Anna Freeman, Clair Barber, Colin Newell, Kerry Gove, Yvette Thirlwall, Matt Harvey, Kimberley Bentley, Deborah Knight, Karen Long, Frances Mitchell, Yueqing Cheng, Judit Varkonyi-Sepp, Wolfgang Grabau, Paddy Dennison…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:99

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  35. Content type: Research article

    Lobectomy is the standard treatment for patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent studies have shown promising results of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in these patients. We...

    Authors: Qingren Lin, Xiaojiang Sun, Ning Zhou, Zhun Wang, Yaping Xu and Yuezhen Wang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:98

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  36. Content type: Research article

    Omega-3 fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and derivatives, play a key role in the resolution of inflammation. Higher intake has been lin...

    Authors: Chantal M. Lemoine S, Emily P. Brigham, Han Woo, Corrine K. Hanson, Meredith C. McCormack, Abigail Koch, Nirupama Putcha and Nadia N. Hansel

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:97

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  37. Content type: Correction

    In the original article [1], the authors reference their intention to use the ‘Morisky Medication Adherence Scale’.

    Authors: Beatrice Huang, Rachel Willard-Grace, Denise De Vore, Jessica Wolf, Chris Chirinos, Stephanie Tsao, Danielle Hessler, George Su and David H. Thom

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:96

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    The original article was published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2017 17:90

  38. Content type: Research article

    Breathlessness is the prominent symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite optimal therapeutic management including pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, many COPD patien...

    Authors: H. Carette, M. Zysman, C. Morelot-Panzini, J. Perrin, E. Gomez, A. Guillaumot, P. R. Burgel, G. Deslee, P. Surpas, O. Le Rouzic, T. Perez, A. Chaouat, N. Roche and F. Chabot

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:95

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  39. Content type: Research article

    Physical activity is an important part of life, and hence exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) can reduce the quality of life. A standardized test is needed to diagnose EIB. The American Thoracic Society...

    Authors: Melanie Dreßler, Theresa Friedrich, Natali Lasowski, Eva Herrmann, Stefan Zielen and Johannes Schulze

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:94

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  40. Content type: Research article

    Sepsis biomarkers have limited specificity and sensitivity. Few studies have investigated microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for sepsis secondary to pneumonia. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and progno...

    Authors: Wenping Zhang, Jianchao Jia, Zi Liu, Dan Si, Lijun Ma and Guojun Zhang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:93

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  42. Content type: Research article

    The management and control of pulmonary bacteriologically confirmed (PBC) tuberculosis (TB) also known as infectious TB is important not only to monitor for resistance but also to check for severity, treatment...

    Authors: Nicholas Sebuliba Kirirabwa, Derrick Kimuli, Carol Nanziri, Denis Sama, Syrus Ntudhu, Daniel Ayen Okello, Raymond Byaruhanga, Deus Lukoye and Samuel Kasozi

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:91

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Few studies have examined the relationships between sputum inflammatory markers and subsequent annual decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (dFEV1). This study investigated whether indices of airway inflamma...

    Authors: Natalia Kononova, Liv Ingunn Bjoner Sikkeland, Faiza Mahmood, Maria Vistnes, Johny Kongerud, Gunnar Einvik and Vidar Søyseth

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:90

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Inhaled anticholinergics, recommended as first-line maintenance treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), has been demonstrated to be associated with an incre...

    Authors: Wei Yuan, Shan Nie, Haoyan Wang, Qiufen Xu and Nan Jia

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:88

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  46. Content type: Research article

    Social determinants may influence the incidence and control of tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between social determinants and pulmonary TB (PTB) incidence and treatmen...

    Authors: Alessandra Isabel Zille, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck, Ronir Raggio Luiz and Marcus Barreto Conde

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:87

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  47. Content type: Correction

    Following publication of the original article [1], the authors flagged an error in Table 2; specifically, within the row beginning ‘Aldrich et al. 2013’ on page 11 of the article PDF.

    Authors: Flynn Slattery, Kylie Johnston, Catherine Paquet, Hunter Bennett and Alan Crockett

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:86

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    The original article was published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:149

  48. Content type: Research article

    Pulmonary rehabilitation improves exercise capacity and reduces risk of future exacerbation in COPD when performed after an exacerbation. There have been no previous studies of post-exacerbation rehabilitation...

    Authors: James D. Chalmers, Megan L. Crichton, Gill Brady, Simon Finch, Mike Lonergan and Thomas C. Fardon

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:85

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is highly prevalent in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and may play a role in its pathogenesis. Recent IPF treatment guidelines suggest that all patients with IPF be ...

    Authors: Helen E. Jo, Tamera J. Corte, Ian Glaspole, Christopher Grainge, Peter M. A. Hopkins, Yuben Moodley, Paul N. Reynolds, Sally Chapman, E. Haydn Walters, Christopher Zappala, Heather Allan, Gregory J. Keir, Wendy A. Cooper, Annabelle M. Mahar, Samantha Ellis, Sacha Macansh…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:84

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  50. Content type: Case report

    Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare histiocytosis which involves principally lymph nodes. Thyroid involvement in RDD is a very rare situation, and lung involvement is even rarer.

    Authors: Pietro Gianella, Nicolas Dulguerov, Grégoire Arnoux, Marc Pusztaszeri and Jörg D. Seebach

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:83

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