|  | COPD |  | CB |  |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | Level | Estimateb (SEc) | pd | Estimateb (SEc) | pd |
Constant | Â | +1.149 (0.141) | Â | +1.316 (0.266) | Â |
Sex | Male | Base | < 0.05 | Base | < 0.1 |
 | Female | -0.212 (0.044) |  | -0.171 (0.036) |  |
 | Combined | -0.006 (0.039) |  | -0.121 (0.077) |  |
Continent | N America | Base | < 0.05 | Base | < 0.01 |
 | Europe | -0.200 (0.040) |  | -0.278 (0.039) |  |
 | Asia | -0.295 (0.067) |  | -0.281 (0.060) |  |
 | Other | -0.355 (0.072) |  | -0.177 (0.074) |  |
Outcome subtype | Mortality | Base | < 0.01 | Base | NS |
 | Lung function (COPD) or symptoms (CB) | -0.404 (0.092) |  | -0.212 (0.249) |  |
 | Other | -0.114 (0.085) |  | -0.302 (0.248) |  |
How asthma taken into account | Ignored | Base | < 0.001 | Base | < 0.05 |
 | Excluded | -0.143 (0.043) |  | -0.109 (0.066) |  |
 | Included in outcome definition | -0.461 (0.060) |  | No data |  |
 | Other | +0.283 (0.093) |  | +0.996 (0.214) |  |
Smoking product | Any | Base | < 0.01 | Base | NS |
 | Cigarettes (ignoring other products) | +0.428 (0.128) |  | -0.060 (0.128) |  |
 | Cigarettes only | +0.589 (0.107) |  | +0.449 (0.149) |  |
Unexposed group | Never any product | Base | < 0.05 | Base | NS |
 | Never cigarettes | -0.603 (0.123) |  | -0.111 (0.126) |  |
RR adjusted for age | Yes | Base | NS | Base | < 0.01 |
 | No | +0.046 (0.045) |  | +0.214 (0.032) |  |
RR adjusted for factor other than age or sex | Yes | Base | < 0.1 | Base | NS |
 | No | +0.195 (0.052) |  | -0.113 (0.070) |  |
Midpoint age | Per 10 years | +0.003 (0.002) | NS | +0.003 (0.001) | NS |