Table 1 Characteristics of included studies in the systematic review
From: Beta-blocker use and COPD mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Study | Design | Sample size and cohort description | Type of BB | Relative Risk* | Covariates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Short (2011) [8] | Retrospective Cohort | 5,977 COPD patients in Scotland | Cardio-selective | 0.78 (0.67-0.92) | CAD and Respiratory disease, age, sex, diabetes, smoking, FEV1, cardiovascular drugs |
Au (2004) [6] | Retrospective Cohort | 1966-Veteran Affairs Cohort with COPD | Not specified | 0.57 (0.33-0.89) | Comorbidity, age, history of COPD, bronchodilators, smoking, coronary artery disease, diabetes |
Dransfield (2008) [5] | Retrospective Cohort | 825 subjects admitted to hospital for COPD | Not specified | 0.39 (0.14-0.99) | Age, CHD, CHF, Liver disease, COPD exacerbations, malignancy, smoking, FEV |
Rutten (2007) [9] | Retrospective Cohort | Electronic records of 2,230 patients with COPD in the Netherlands | Selective and non-selective | 0.68 (95% -0.56-0.83), for all BBs: 0.67 (0.55-0.83) for B1 selective BBs. 0.82 (0.61-1.10) for non-selective BBs | Age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, CAD, CVD drugs, pulmonary drugs |
Gottlieb (1998) [11] | Retrospective Cohort | 41,814 COPD subjects with previous history of myocardial infarction | Not specified | 0.60 (0.57-0.63) | Not specified |
Staszewsky (2007) [12] | Retrospective Cohort | 628 subjects with class II-IV Heart Failure and COPD | Not specified | 0.55 (0.37-0.82) | Not specified |
Van Gestel (2008) [13] | Retrospective Cohort | 1,205 with vascular disease and COPD in Netherlands | Cardio-selective | 0.73 (0.60-0.88) | Age, sex, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, renal function, smoking, BMI, CAD, FEV1, cardiovascular drugs |
Chen (2001) [14] | Retrospective Cohort | 43,974 subjects with previous history of myocardial infarction and COPD or Asthma | Not specified | 0.86 (0.73-1.0) | Age, gender, co-morbidities, CAD, cardiovascular drugs, physician speciality |
Hawkins (2009) [15] | Retrospective Cohort | 1,258 patients with COPD and previous history of MI | Not specified | 0.74 (0.68-0.80) | Not specified |