From: Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial
 | Singing group (n=13) | Control group (n=11) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Breath hold time (s) | −1.64 (4.1) | 2.39 (7.8) | 0.14 |
Single breath counting | 1.5 (7.1) | 7.0 (7.8) | 0.15 |
HAD anxiety | −0.8 (3.6) | −0.9 (2.3) | 0.89 |
HAD depression | −1.3 (3.8) | −0.7 (1.6) | 0.49 |
CAT | −1.1 (8.3) | 0.7 (5.6) | 0.44 |
SF36 PCS | 12.9 (19.0) | −2.5 (11.9) | 0.02* |
SF36 MCS | 9.3 (25.3) | 4.3 (9.0) | 0.41 |
ISWT (m) | −7.2 (46.1) | 14.5 (38.0) | 0.22 |
Steps (steps per day) | −763 (1647) | 1011 (1003) | 0.14 |
Sedentary time (minutes per day) | −35.9 (127.3) | −27.3 (67.0) | 0.66 |
Physical activity duration (PAD) (minutes per day) | −92.7 (216.9) | 49.5 (40.9) | 0.16 |
Active energy expenditure (AEE) (KJ per day) | −144.2 (436.0) | 228.8 (146.3) | 0.19 |