Table 2 Variables not paired among cases and controls
All subjects | Cases | Control group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 60 | n = 30 | n = 30 | p | ||
Male gender, n (%) | 36 (60) | 15 (50) | 21 (70) | 0.11 | |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.9 ± 5.0 | 24.5 ± 4.6 | 25.3 ± 5.5 | 0.54 | |
Neck circumference, cm | 36.4 ± 4.8 | 35.6 ± 4.8 | 37.3 ± 4.7 | 0.22 | |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 120 (20)† | 125 (20)† | 120 (20)† | 0.61 | |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 74.5 ± 8.5 | 74.3 ± 6.3 | 74.7 ± 10.4 | 0.88 | |
Hypertension treatment, n (%) | 34 (56.7) | 18 (60) | 16 (53.3) | 0.60 | |
Smoking intensity (pack years) | 48.5 (33)† | 46.5 (38.4)† | 48.5 (32)† | 0.83 | |
Smoking status | Current smoker | 15 (25) | 9 (30) | 6 (20) | |
n (%) | Former smoker | 40 (66.7) | 17 (56.7) | 23 (76.7) | 0.21 |
Never smoked | 5 (8.3) | 4 (13.3) | 1 (3.3) | ||
COPD Classification | GOLD A | 6 (10) | 3 (10) | 3 (10) | 0.09 |
n (%) | GOLD B | 8 (13.3) | 7 (23.3) | 1 (3.3) | |
GOLD C | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.3) | ||
GOLD D | 45 (75) | 20 (66.7) | 25 (83.3) | ||
Pos-Bd FVC (liters) | 2.52 ± 0.8 | 2.46 ± 0.8 | 2.57 ± 0.9 | 0.59 | |
Pos-Bd FEV1 (liters) | 1.31 ± 0.6 | 1.33 ± 0.6 | 1.29 ± 0.6 | 0.78 | |
Pos-Bd FEV1/FVC (%) | 75.5 ± 18.4 | 53 ± 12.1 | 49.8 ± 12.1 | 0.31 | |
PaO2, mmHg | 71.7 ± 8.9 | 71.3 ± 8.0 | 72.1 ± 9.7 | 0.73 | |
PaCO2, mmHg | 34.9 ± 5.0 | 34.1 ± 5.8 | 35.7 ± 4.2 | 0.24 | |
Oxygen saturation, gasometry (%) | 93.8 ± 2.0 | 93.9 ± 2.1 | 93.7 ± 1.9 | 0.71 | |
LV ejection fraction (%) | 69.5 (8)† | 70 (10)† | 69 (6)† | 0.93 | |
LV systolic dysfunction, n (%) | 2 (3.3) | 2 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 0.49 | |
LV diastolic dysfunction, n (%) | 43 (71.7) | 22 (73.3) | 21 (70) | 0.77 | |
Pulmonary hypertension , n (%) | 3 (5) | 1 (3.3) | 2 (6.7) | 0.70 | |
Normal sPAP, n (%) | 28 (46.7) | 13 (43.3) | 15 (50) | ||
Undetermined sPAP, n (%) | 29 (48.3) | 16 (53.4) | 13 (43.3) | ||
Beck Depression Inventory (0–63) | 15.4 ± 10.4 | 22.3 ± 9.6 | 8.6 ± 5.4 | <0.0001* | |
COPD Assessment Test (0–40) | 17.1 ± 7.1 | 19.8 ± 7.3 | 14.3 ± 5.8 | 0.002* | |