From: Occupational exposures, smoking and airway inflammation in refractory asthma
 | Diagnosis age 30+, unexposed | Diagnosis age 30+, exposed | Diagnosis age <30, unexposed | Diagnosis age <30, exposed | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Observed first visit | N = 14 | N = 12 | N = 32 | N = 8 | ||||
Age | 14 | 63 (60-69) | 12 | 64 (62-69) | 32 | 53 (44-63) | 8 | 46 (37-52) |
Female | 14 | 9 (64%) | 12 | 4 (33%) | 32 | 19 (59%) | 8 | 2 (25%) |
Currently Employed | 14 | 6 (43%) | 12 | 6 (50%) | 32 | 24 (75%) | 8 | 7 (88%) |
Years at work | 14 | 30 (30-35) | 12 | 30 (20-30) | 32 | 25 (19-33) | 8 | 25 (15-26) |
Ex-smoker | 14 | 5 (36%) | 12 | 2 (17%)** | 32 | 7 (22%) | 8 | 5 (63%)** |
Smoking at home | 14 | 2 (14%) | 12 | 2 (17%) | 32 | 3 (9%) | 8 | 0 (0%) |
Smoky places | 14 | 7 (50%) | 11 | 8 (73%) | 32 | 20 (63%) | 8 | 8 (100%)** X |
Atopic | 14 | 6 (43%) | 12 | 9 (75%) | 32 | 28 (88%) | 8 | 7 (88%)XX AA |
ICS dose/1000 | 14 | 2 (1.6-2.0) | 12 | 2 (0.9-2.0) | 31 | 2 (0.6-2.0) | 8 | 2 (1.0-2.0) |
%Macrophages w carbon inclusion | 1 | 30 | 5 | 46 (46-48) | 7 | 30 (20-52) | 1 | 42 |
# Carbon inclusions/macrophage | 1 | 2 | 5 | 4 (4.0-5.0) | 7 | 3 (2-6) | 1 | 4 |
Total number Carbon inclusions | 1 | 57 | 5 | 184 (160-212) | 7 | 107 (27-224) | 1 | 186 |
Obs. multiple visits | N = 22 | N = 20 | N = 71 | N = 14 | ||||
FEV1% predicted | 17 | 82 (59-88) | 16 | 75 (64-84) | 46 | 63 (48-79) | 10 | 74 (67-83)X AA |
FEV1/FVC | 17 | 76 (64-80) | 16 | 71 (67-77) | 46 | 64 (56-69) | 10 | 69 (63-71)XX AA |
PD15 | 10 | 15 (12-29) | 5 | 21 (19-34) | 32 | 5 (1.1-8.6) | 8 | 2 (1.3-6.5)XX AA |
Dose response slope | 14 | 1 (0.5-2.2) | 11 | 0 (0.2-0.8) | 41 | 3 (1.2-11.5) | 9 | 6 (2.1-8.6)XX AA |
Total cell # ×106/mL | 21 | 3 (2.1-3.6) | 20 | 6 (2.7-10.6) | 69 | 3 (2.1-7.8) | 14 | 3 (1.8-7.2) |
Macrophages, % | 22 | 51 (28-72) | 20 | 28 (15-51) | 71 | 44 (20-61) | 14 | 44 (28-52) |
Neutrophils, % | 22 | 27 (14-40) | 20 | 47 (37-74) | 71 | 42 (27-72) | 14 | 51 (36-67)XX |
Lymphocytes, % | 22 | 1 (0.0-2.0) | 20 | 0 (0.0-1.1) | 71 | 1 (0.3-2.0) | 14 | 0 (0.0-1.3) |
Eosinophils, % | 22 | 1 (0.3-3.3) | 20 | 2 (0.9-9.9) | 71 | 1 (0.3-2.8) | 14 | 1 (0.3-1.8) |
Col. epithelial cells, % | 22 | 6 (1.5-12.8) | 20 | 3 (0.8-7.0) | 71 | 3 (1.5-5.9) | 14 | 4 (2.5-7.3) |
Squamous cells, % | 22 | 5 (1.5-11.3) | 20 | 2 (0.9-4.4) | 71 | 3 (1.0-6.1) | 14 | 5 (1.2-9.5) |