High prevalence of altered cardiac repolarization in patients with COPD

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Table 1 Participant characteristics

	COPD N = 91	Matched controls N = 32	Healthy controls N = 41
Demographics and cardiovascular risk
Age, y	62 (7.1)^†	62 (5.9)^¶	30 (8.7)
Male/Female	61/30	24/8	24/17
BMI, kg/m²	27.9 (6.0)^†	29.2 (4.4)^¶	22.8 (3.1)
Current smokers, N (%)	19 (21)	7 (22)	5 (13)
Pack years of smoking, N	43 (23.7)*^†	9 (18.2)	1 (5.1)
Arterial hypertension, N (%)	49 (54)^†	23 (72)^¶	0 (0)
CAD, N (%)	18 (20)^†	3 (9)^¶	0 (0)
Arrhythmia, N (%)	19 (21)	8 (25)	4 (10)
Diabetes, N (%)	13 (14)^†	3 (9)^¶	0 (0)
Cholesterol, mmol/l	5.2 (1.1)	4.9 (1.0)	5.1 (1.1)
Pocock risk score, %	2.2 (2.1)^†	2.1 (0.9)^¶	0.3 (0.3)
Respiratory variables
FEV₁% pred.	45 (22.4)*^†	104 (16.0)	100 (11.1)
FVC% pred.	77 (18.3)*^†	108 (14.0)	104 (8.2)
FEV₁/FVC,%	45 (15.2)*^†	78 (5.5)	80 (5.9)
SaO₂, kPa	93.8 (3.4)^†	95.1 (1.3)^¶	98.0 (1.4)
Medication
Medication affecting QT, N (%)	12 (13)^†	4 (13)^¶	0 (0)
Beta blockers, N (%)	18 (20)^†	10 (31)^¶	0 (0)
Antihypertensive medication, N (%)	47 (52)^†	19 (59)^¶	0 (0)
Anticholinergic medication, N (%)	62 (68)*^†	0 (0)	0 (0)
Combined inhaled long-acting β-adrenergic and steroid, N (%)	53 (58)*^†	0 (0)	0 (0)
Statins, N (%)	30 (33)^†	11 (34)^¶	0 (0)

Values are mean (SD). *p < 0.05 COPD vs. matched controls. ^†p < 0.05 COPD vs. healthy controls. ^¶p < 0.05 matched controls vs. healthy controls. BMI: body mass index; CAD: coronary artery disease; FEV₁: forced expiration in one second; FVC: forced volume capacity; SaO₂: oxygen saturation.

ISSN: 1471-2466