Table 3 Independent predictors of chronic kidney disease, by Cox regression analysis

Asthma

1.13 (1.07-1.19)^‡

1.40 (1.33-1.48)^‡

Female

reference

reference

Male

1.16 (1.11-1.22)^‡

1.16(1.10-1.22)‡

Age group

18-29

reference

reference

30-39

1.51 (1.30-1.76)^‡

1.52 (1.31-1.77)^‡

40-49

1.91 (1.66-2.19)^‡

1.99 (1.73-2.28)^‡

50-59

2.02 (1.76-2.31)^‡

2.14 (1.86-2.45)^‡

≥60

2.08 (1.83-2.38)^‡

2.23 (1.96-2.55)^‡

Co-morbidity

Diabetes

1.42 (1.33-1.51)^‡

1.42 (1.33-1.52)^‡

Hypertension

15.52 (14.18-16.99)^‡

15.24 (13.92-16.68)^‡

Hyperlipidemia

1.55 (1.45-1.65)^‡

1.53 (1.43-1.64)^‡

Heart Disease

1.84 (1.71-1.98)^‡

1.92 (1.78-2.06)^‡

Obesity

1.3 (1.07-1.58)^†

1.39 (1.14-1.69)^‡

Medication

Steroid (used in 56.2% asthma subjects)

0.50(0.47-0.53)^‡