Ref | Subject n Case n | Country | Asthma Definition | Occupational Exposure | PAR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
19 | 59,058 588 | Israel | Physician-diagnosed | Military exposures: Combat or maintenance versus clerical | 44%* |
20 | 1,852,848 49,575 | Finland | Incident asthma symptoms and at least one criteria of airway reversibility | Occupations at baseline a priori classified as exposed | 29% men, 17% women, weighted 22% |
21 | 2,723†, 101 | Norway | Physician-diagnosed incident asthma | Self-reported exposure to much dust or fumes at baseline | 14% |
22 | 52,325 1,426 | Singapore | Adult-onset physician-diagnosed asthma | Occupations at baseline a priori classified as exposed to: I: dust, II:smoke, III: vapors | I – 2.7%*, II – 1.7%*, III – 4.2%*, cumulative 8.6% |
23 | 6,837 133 3,994 38 | International | A. Incident asthma symptoms or medication B. Incident asthma symptoms or medication and new hyperesponsiveness | I. Exposure to high-risk substances (at baseline and during follow-up) by job-exposure matrix II. Occupations a priori classified as exposed | AI – 11%, AII – 1.7%, BI – 23%, BII – 26%, mean 18.5%* |
24 | 5,933‡ 271 | Sweden | Physician-diagnosed asthma | Manual workers in industry | 9% |