Table 2 Demographic factors, BAL results, mucin volume density

Age (years)

47.60 ± 11.82

49.58 ± 5.57

57.0 ± 4.66

0.052

Gender (male, n (%))

4 (66.7)

4 (36.3)

5 (62.5)

0.327

BMI (kg/m²)

31.13 ± 5.26

30.78 ± 4.74

29.30 ± 5.88

0.743

Race^a (White, n (%))

3 (50.0)

2 (18.2)

0 (0)

0.035

FEV₁ ( % pred)

89.50 ± 20.52*

101.17 ± 16.30*

46.25 ± 8.83

<0.0001

FVC ( % pred)

92.90 ± 16.23

103.67 ± 16.87*

74.13 ± 12.70

0.001

FEV₁/FVC

88.2 ± 21.70*

96.67 ± 6.14*

52.38 ± 11.95

<0.0001

Smoking History (pack years)

0* **

25.58 ± 10.66

22.25 ± 9.00

<0.0001

Current Smoking (n, %)

0 (0)

11 (100)

5 (62.5)

<0.0001

Chronic Bronchitis (n, %)

0 (0)

2 (18.2)

5 (62.5)

0.006

MVD (μL/mm²)

3.42 ± 3.07**

27.78 ± 10.24

16.82 ± 16.29

0.002