N = 431 | 1st Quartile | 2nd Quartile | 3rd Quartile | 4th Quartile | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(≤0.993) | (>0.993, ≤ 1.044) | (>1.044, ≤ 1.127) | (>1.127) | ||
Age (yrs) | 42.06 ± 6.4a | 42.42 ± 7.2a | 39.32 ± 5.0b | 40.61 ± 6.0a,b | 0.001 |
Sex: male (%) | 58 (53.7)a | 84 (77.8)b | 79 (73.2)b | 91 (84.3)b | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.62 ± 3.3 | 24.15 ± 3.1 | 23.84 ± 2.7 | 23.98 ± 2.5 | 0.595 |
SBP (mmHg) | 110.83 ± 13.3 | 113.7 ± 12.0 | 114.81 ± 11.3 | 114.58 ± 11.0 | 0.057 |
DBP (mmHg) | 71.67 ± 10.3 | 73.43 ± 9.1 | 73.8 ± 9.7 | 73.55 ± 8.4 | 0.325 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 94.06 ± 11.9 | 95.84 ± 15.0 | 94.46 ± 8.8 | 95.15 ± 13.2 | 0.733 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 206.54 ± 40.6 | 204.56 ± 31.2 | 202.79 ± 36.2 | 199.43 ± 35.7 | 0.522 |
TG (mg/dL) | 140.83 ± 166.7 | 145.21 ± 121.4 | 140.4 ± 94.6 | 130.21 ± 62.7 | 0.817 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 56.41 ± 13.4a | 53.48 ± 9.7a,b | 52.35 ± 11.5b | 53.27 ± 10.0a,b | 0.049 |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | 117.16 ± 30.8 | 116.2 ± 25.1 | 117.33 ± 27.6 | 112.86 ± 29.0 | 0.650 |
Fasting insulin (uIU/mL) | 7.21 ± 4.3 | 6.61 ± 3.1 | 6.79 ± 3.6 | 6.61 ± 3.1 | 0.571 |
Percent body fat (%) | 24.90 ± 5.8a | 23.16 ± 5.8a,b | 22.93 ± 4.7b | 22.02 ± 5.2b | 0.001 |
WHR | 0.86 ± 0.1 | 0.87 ± 0.1 | 0.86 ± 0.04 | 0.87 ± 0.04 | 0.448 |
HOMA-IR | 1.72 ± 1.3 | 1.55 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 1.55 ± 0.8 | 0.537 |
Ln(FABP4) | 2.34 ± 0.5a | 2.21 ± 0.5a,b | 2.19 ± 0.4a,b | 2.13 ± 0.5b | 0.008 |
Smoking (%) | 12 (11.2) | 20 (18.7) | 20 (18.7) | 26 (24.3) | 0.095 |