Table 1 Study Characteristics, Quality and Results, in Chronological Order
Author and year | Study Participants (age, in years) | Description of intervention | Study period | Length of follow up | Primary Outcome (successful treatment) | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hallal, et al, 2007 [9] | N =10 | Inhaled tobramycin or IV tobramycin AND IV β-lactam | 7 months | 28 days | Resolution of VAP | 100 % of AA vs. 60 % of IV patients had clinical resolution of VAP. No p value reported. |
Age: 23–72 (Mean age: AA 52.6, IV 53.6) | ||||||
Palmer et al, 2008 [12] | N = 43 | AA or saline placebo AND systemic antibiotics (per treating MD) was given for 14 days or until extubation | 12 months | 28 days | Centers for Disease Control National Nosocomial Infection Survey diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and clinical pulmonary infection Score (CPIS) | AA group had reduced signs of respiratory infection [Centers for Disease Control National Nosocomial Infection Survey and VAP (73.6 % to 35.7 % vs. placebo: 75 % to 78.6 %) and reduction in clinical pulmonary infection score (−1.42 vs. placebo: + 0.04), (both p ≤ .05). |
Age: 19–92 (Mean age: AA 62.3, placebo 62.7) | ||||||
Rattanaumpawan et al, 2010 [14] | N = 100 (Mean age: AA 70.2, placebo 66.2) | Nebulized colistimethate sodium or nebulized sterile normal saline AND systemic antibiotics per treating MD | 38 months | 28 days | Favorable clinical outcome | Favorable clinical outcome was 51.0 % in the AA group and 53.1 % in the placebo group (p = 0.84). Significant increase in favorable microbiological outcome in AA vs. placebo group (60.9 vs. 38.2 %; p = 0.03) |
Lu et al, 2011 [10] | N = 40 patients Ages 43–77 (Mean age: AA 58, IV 60) | Nebulized ceftazidime and amikacin OR IV ceftazidime and amikacin/ciprofloxacin. | 36 month | 28 days | Successful treatment | AA and IV groups performed similar in terms of successful treatment (70 vs. 55 %; p = 0.33). |
Niederman et al, 2012 [11] | N = 69 (Mean age: AA q12h 56.1, AA q24h 62.8, or placebo 62.0) | Inhaled amikacin (BAY41-6551) q12h, q24h, or placebo q12h for 7–14 days, plus standard IV antibiotics | 13 months | 31 days | Clinical cure (secondary study outcome) | Clinical cure achieved in 93.8 % (AA q12h), 75 % (AA q24h) and 87.5 % (placebo; p = 0.467). |
Palmer et al, 2014 [13] | N = 43 (Mean age AA 57.5, placebo 60.6) | AA or saline placebo AND systemic antibiotics (per treating MD) was given for 14 days or until extubation | Does not state | 14 days | Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) | CPIS score in AA significantly reduced when compared to placebo (Mean ± SE AA: 9.3 ± 2.7 to 5.3 ± 2.6 vs. placebo: 8.0 ± 23 to 8.6 ± 2.10; p = 0.0008) |