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Table 4 Screening strategies for diagnosing culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis

From: Rapid urine lipoarabinomannan assay as a clinic-based screening test for active tuberculosis at HIV diagnosis

 

Screening without Urine LAM

Screening with Urine LAM

Difference

 

LR- (95% CI)

LR- (95% CI)

 

Entire Cohort

 Cough

0.68 (0.56–0.83)

0.50 (0.38–0.65)

−0.18

 Any TB-related Symptoma

0.57 (0.40–0.80)

0.45 (0.30–0.68)

−0.12

 Any TB-related Symptoma or Abnormal chest x-ray

0.43 (0.29–0.64)

0.34 (0.22–0.55)

−0.09

Cohort with CD4 ≥ 100 cells/mm3

 Cough

0.74 (0.57–0.97)

0.58 (0.41–0.83)

−0.16

 Any TB-related Symptoma

0.75 (0.50–1.12)

0.61 (0.37–0.98)

−0.14

 Any TB-related Symptoma or Abnormal chest x-ray

0.62 (0.39–0.98)

0.51 (0.30–0.88)

−0.11

Cohort with CD4 < 100 cells/mm3

 Cough

0.66 (0.50–0.89)

0.46 (0.30–0.68)

−0.20

 Any TB-related Symptoma

0.48 (0.27–0.86)

0.36 (0.18–0.72)

−0.12

 Any TB-related Symptoma or Abnormal chest x-ray

0.32 (0.15–0.68)

0.24 (0.10–0.58)

−0.08

  1. CI confidence interval, LAM lipoarabinomannan, LR likelihood ratio, TB tuberculosis
  2. aTB-related symptoms were current cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss