Table 2 Association of clinical sign and symptoms, physical and radiologic findings between children with recovery of a foreign body during bronchoscopy (FBA positive) and those without FBA (FBA negative) (univariate logistic regression analysis)
From: A new clinical algorithm scoring for management of suspected foreign body aspiration in children
FBA positive | FBA negative | Unadjusted odds ratio (95%CI) | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical signs and symptoms (n = 300) | ||||
Witnessed choking | 65 (71.4%) | 134 (64.1%) | 1.39 (0.82, 2.39) | 0.219 |
Cough | 72 (79.1%) | 144 (68.9%) | 1.71 (0.95, 3.07) | 0.072 |
Noisy breathing/stridor/ dysphonia | 21 (23.1%) | 23 (11%) | 2.43 (1.26, 4.66) | 0.008 |
Dyspnea | 32 (35.2%) | 57 (27.3%) | 1.45 (0.85, 2.45) | 0.170 |
Cyanosis | 11 (12.1%) | 46 (22%) | 0.49 (0.24, 0.99) | 0.047 |
New onset wheezing/ recurrent/persistent wheeze | 20 (22%) | 14 (6.7%) | 3.92 (1.89, 8.18) | 0.0001 |
Recurrent and/or persistent respiratory infection/ recurrent pneumonia | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | n.a | 0.999 |
Vomiting | 14 (15.4%) | 35 (16.7%) | 0.90 (0.46, 1.78) | 0.769 |
Fever | 21 (23.1%) | 37 (17.7%) | 1.40 (0.76, 2.55) | 0.280 |
Others | 8 (8.8%) | 26 (12.4%) | 0.68 (0.29, 1.56) | 0.362 |
Radiological findings (n = 242) | ||||
Abnormal | 63 (82.9%) | 87 (52.4%) | 4.40 (2.25, 8.60) | 0.0001 |
Unilateral hyperinflation right/left side | 31 (40.8%) | 34 (20.5%) | 2.68 (1.48, 4.84) | 0.001 |
Bilateral hyperinflation | 10 (13.2%) | 20 (12%) | 1.11 (0.49, 2.49) | 0.808 |
Right/left/bilateral infiltrates | 10 (13.2%) | 11 (6.6%) | 2.14 (0.87, 5.27) | 0.100 |
Radio-opaque FB | 4 (5.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.009 | |
Collapse/Consolidation | 6 (7.9%) | 11 (6.6%) | 1.21 (0.43, 3.40) | 0.720 |
Others | 2 (2.6%) | 7 (4.2%) | 0.61 (0.13, 3.03) | 0.549 |
Physical examination findings (n = 290) | ||||
Normal | 21 (23.3%) | 112 (56%) | 0.24 (0.14, 0.42) | 0.0001 |
Unilateral reduced entry Right/left side | 53 (58.9%) | 54 (27%) | 3.87 (2.30, 6.54) | 0.0001 |
Stridor | 1 (1.1%) | 3 (1.5%) | 0.74 (0.08, 7.19) | 0.794 |
Wheezing | 29 (32.2%) | 37 (18.5%) | 2.09 (1.19, 3.70) | 0.011 |
Bilateral reduced air entry | 2 (2.2%) | 11 (5%) | 0.43 (0.09, 2.01) | 0.285 |
Retractions | 9 (10%) | 15 (7.5%) | 1.37 (0.58, 3.26) | 0.476 |
Tachypnea | 5 (5.6%) | 3 (1.5%) | 3.86 (0.90, 16.53) | 0.068 |
Crackles | 12 (13.3%) | 21 (10.5%) | 1.31 (0.62, 2.80) | 0.483 |
Others | 4 (4.4%) | 3 (1.5%) | 3.05 (0.67, 13.94) | 0.149 |