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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of CAP patients

From: The mortality risk factor of community acquired pneumonia patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study

Covariates

nCOPD-CAP

COPD-CAP

P Valuea

Subjects, n

290

230

 

Males

117(40.3)

170(73.9)

< 0.001

Age, years

79[67,86]

82[74,87]

0.003

Ex-smoker or current smoking

86(29.7)

162(70.4)

< 0.001

Comorbidities

 Diabetes

50(17.2)

47(20.4)

0.353

 Coronary heart disease

74(25.5)

93(40.4)

< 0.001

 Hypertension

145(50)

98(42.6)

0.093

 Cerebral infarction

50(17.2)

10(4.3)

< 0.001

Symptom

 Cough

288(99.3)

209(90.9)

< 0.001

 Fever ≥38 °C

154(53.1)

79(34.3)

< 0.001

 Dyspnea

52(17.9)

205(89.1)

< 0.001

 Expectoration

287(99)

226(98.3)

0.705

  Mucoid

66(22.8)

90(39.1)

< 0.001

  Purulent

211(73.5)

129(57.1)

 

  Haemoptysis

10(3.4)

7(3)

 

 Pleural pain

24(8.3)

13(5.7)

0.304

 Altered mental state

17(5.9)

9(3.9)

0.418

 Respiratory frequency > 30 breaths · min−1

11(3.8)

21(9.1)

0.016

Laboratory results

 Hemoglobin, g/L

120[108,130.25]

124[113.75,135]

0.001

 Hematocrit, %

36.15[32.78,39]

37.7[34.5,41]

< 0.001

 WBC count > 10 × 109 cell

84(29.0)

79(34.3)

0.189

 C-reactive protein, mg/L

24.25[5.08,70.57]

32.67[7.99,72.55]

0.267

 Arterial PH < 7.35

12(4.1)

58(25.2)

< 0.001

 PaO2 < 60 mmHg

44(15.2)

81(35.2)

< 0.001

 PaCO2 > 50 mmHg

16(5.5)

74(32.2)

< 0.001

 Albumin, g/L

34.35[31.2,37.35]

34.1[31.28,37.3]

0.728

 Pre-albumin, mg/L

146.779 ± 65.414

145.974 ± 65.850

0.889

 D-dimer > 2.0 μg/mL

62(21.4)

45(19.6)

0.611

Spirometry

 FEV1% predicted

≥70

45.01 ± 15.76

 

 GOLD 1b

 

9(3.9)

 

 GOLD 2

 

80(34.8)

 

 GOLD 3

 

88(38.3)

 

 GOLD 4

 

53(23)

 

Aspiration

53(18.3)

29(12.6)

0.078

Need for ICU admission

38(13.1)

42(18.3)

0.105

Need for NIMV

4(1.4)

60(26.1)

< 0.001

Outcome measures

 Length of hospital stay, d

14[12,19]

16[13.88,20.63]

< 0.001

 In-hospital mortality

19(6.6)

19(8.3)

0.457

 60-day mortality

26(9)

29(12.6)

0.180

  1. Data given as n(%) or mean ± SD or median [interquartile range]
  2. CAP community acquired pneumonia, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, nCOPD-CAP CAP patients without COPD, COPD-CAP CAP patients with COPD, ICU intensive care unit, NIMV non-invasive mechanical ventilation, WBC white blood cell, PaO 2 partial pressure of arterial oxygen, PaCO 2 partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide, FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in one second
  3. aValues in bold indicate P < 0.05
  4. bGOLD I was defined as FEV1/FVC ratio < 70% and FEV1 > 80% predicted; GOLD II as FEV1/FVC ratio < 70% and FEV1 50%–80% predicted; GOLD III as FEV1/FVC ratio < 70% and FEV1 30%–50% predicted; GOLD IV as FEV1/FVC ratio < 70% and FEV1 < 30% predicted
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

ISSN: 1471-2466

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