Fig. 5

Pirfenidone and rapamycin inhibited the TGF−β-induced migration of human IPF lung fibroblasts. Cell migration assay were performed in fibroblasts from IPF patients incubated with TGF−β (5 ng/ml), rapamycin (1 μg/ml) and pirfenidone (1 mg/ml). Images show that cell migration occurred within 72 h from culture scratch in medium containing 2% (a) and 10% (b) fetal bovine serum (FBS) in the presence of TGF−β, combination of TGF−β and rapamycin, TGF−β and pirfenidone, and the combination of TGF−β, rapamycin and pirfenidone. The uncovered area has been quantified by the ImageJ Software at each time point and represented in the graphs as mean values ± SEM of three different experiments. Magnification, 100X. Levels of significance; * indicates the statistical significance between all conditions assayed at 72 h time point. # indicates the significance between scratch and 24 and 72 h time points for each treatment conditions