Table 2 Frequency of comorbidities in 1584 subjects with COPD according to GOLD 2011 Classification (frequency of each variable by COPD severity)
From: Comorbidities and COPD severity in a clinic-based cohort
A N = 435 | B N = 391 | C N = 178 | D N = 580 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypertension | 139(31.9) | 173(44.2) | 52(29.2) | 237(40.8) | 0.0001 |
Obstructive apnea syndrome | 118(27.1) | 75(19.2) | 23(12.9) | 63(10.9) | 0.0001 |
Dyslipidemia | 97(22.3) | 114(29.2) | 37(20.8) | 143(24.7) | 0.072 |
Cancer, all causes | 79(18.2) | 70(17.9) | 20(11.2) | 90(11.5) | 0.14 |
Ischemic cardiopathy | 59(12.5) | 99(25.3) | 30(16.8) | 127(21.9) | 0.0001 |
Past asthma | 47(10.8) | 48(12.3) | 19(10.7) | 71(12.3) | 0.84 |
Depression | 43(9.9) | 50(12.8) | 15(8.4) | 113(19.5) | 0.0001 |
Anxiety | 30(6.9) | 70(17.9) | 23(12.9) | 154(26.5) | 0.0001 |
Heart rhythm disorder | 41(9.4) | 65(16.6) | 24(13.4) | 86(14.8) | 0.016 |
Diabetes | 41(9.4) | 51(13) | 18(10.1) | 88(15.2) | 0.035 |
Undernutrition, BMI < 21 kg/m2 | 1(0.2) | 3(0.7) | 4(2.2) | 25(4.3) | 0.0001 |
Osteoporosis | 2(0.4) | 23(5.8) | 1(0.5) | 35(6.0) | 0.0001 |
Atheroma | 20(4.6) | 27(6.9) | 9(5.0) | 51(8.8) | 0.048 |
Left cardiac insufficiency | 8(1.8) | 21(5.3) | 12(6.7) | 50(8.6) | 0.0001 |
Vascular Stroke | 16(3.7) | 22(5.6) | 5(2.8) | 20(3.5) | 0.26 |
Pulmonary hypertension | 3(0.7) | 7(1.8) | 1(0.6) | 26(4.5) | 0.0002 |
Metabolic syndrome | 10(2.3) | 16(4.1) | 5(2.8) | 27(4.7) | 0.21 |
Rhinitis/rhinosinusitis | 8(3.2) | 14(7) | 7(7.8) | 19(7.4) | 0.16 |
Bronchiectasis | 7(3.9) | 31(4.1) | 34(9.2) | 6(6.4) | 0.004 |