Fig. 2
UA alleviate airway-vessel remodeling in emphysema model rats. A HE staining of lung sections showed that UA administration reduced the airway-vessel remodeling associated changes in CS-induced emphysema rats. Sham (a), CS (b), UA10 (c), UA20 (d), and UA40 (e). B Airway thickness (Wat/Pbm: μm2/μm) and vascular thickness (Vat/Pbm: μm2/μm). ##p < 0.01 vs. Sham; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. CS. C Masson staining of lung sections showed that UA alleviated collagen deposition in tissue surrounding airways and accompanying vessels in lungs of emphysema rats. Sham (a), CS (b), UA10 (c), UA20 (d), and UA40 (e). D Collagen deposition in areas surrounding airways (Wac/Wat: μm2/μm2) and vessels (Vac/Vat: μm2/μm2). ##p < 0.01 vs. Sham; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. CS. E PAS staining of lung sections showed that UA alleviated mucus secretion cell expression around airways in lungs of emphysema rats. Pink arrows show goblet cells. Black arrow shows mucous gland near the major airway. UA: ursolic acid; CS: cigarette smoke (group); UA10: 10 mg/kg body weight ursolic acid administration group; UA20: 20 mg/kg body weight ursolic acid administration group; UA40: 40 mg/kg body weight ursolic acid administration group; Pbm: airway or vessel basement membrane perimeter; Wat: airway wall area; Vat: vascular wall area; Wac: wall area of collagen deposition; Vac: vascular area of collagen deposition