Risk of acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with biomass smoke compared with tobacco smoke

Table 3 Adjusted incidence rates of moderate or severe exacerbations by exposure groups

	Adjusted incidence rate^* (95% CI)	Adjusted incidence rate ratio^* (95% CI)	P value
More Tobacco-Less Biomass	0.70 (0.60–0.79)	1
Less Tobacco-Less Biomass	0.51 (0.33–0.68)	0.73 (0.50–1.05)	0.092
Less Tobacco-More Biomass	0.72 (0.31–1.13)	1.03 (0.56–1.89)	0.921
More Tobacco-More Biomass	0.67 (0.54–0.80)	0.96 (0.76–1.20)	0.698

^*Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD (SGRQ-C) total score (< 25 vs. ≥25), exacerbation history during the previous year (yes vs. no), and post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁)% predicted
CI confidence interval

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