Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population
From: Pulmonary rehabilitation after exacerbation of bronchiectasis: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Characteristics | Patients enrolled at baseline | Patients randomized | Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) | Standard care (SC) | p-value (comparing PR vs SC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 48 | 27 | 9 | 18 | Â |
Age (years) | 68 (63–72) | 68 (63–72) | 68 (63–71) | 68 (63–73) | 0.8 |
Sex (% female) | 31 (64.6%) | 20 (74.1%) | 5 (55.6%) | 15 (83.3%) | 0.2 |
Comorbidities | |||||
 Angina | 4 (8.3%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (8.3%) | 1.0 |
 Myocardial infarction | 3 (6.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 |
 Osteoporosis | 5 (10.4%) | 4 (14.8%) | 2 (22.2%) | 2 (11.1%) | 0.6 |
 Anxiety | 7 (14.6%) | 5 (18.5%) | 2 (22.2%) | 3 (16.7%) | 1.0 |
 Diabetes | 5 (10.4%) | 3 (11.1%) | 1 (11.1%) | 2 (11.1%) | 1.0 |
 Hypertension | 12 (25.0%) | 9 (33.3%) | 2 (22.2%) | 7 (38.9%) | 0.7 |
Smoking status | |||||
 Never | 31 (64.6%) | 18 (66.7%) | 7 (77.8%) | 11 (61.1%) | 0.6 |
 Ex | 14 (29.2%) | 8 (29.6%) | 1 (11.1%) | 7 (38.9%) |  |
 Current | 3 (6.3%) | 1 (3.7%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0%) |  |
Medications | |||||
 Inhaled corticosteroids | 22 (45.8%) | 16 (59.3%) | 6 (66.7%) | 10 (55.6%) | 0.7 |
 Macrolide | 28 (58.3%) | 17 (63.0%) | 6 (66.7%) | 11 (61.1%) | 1.0 |
 Other long term antibiotic | 2 (4.2%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.6%) | 1.0 |
 Inhaled antibiotic | 1 (2.1%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.6%) | 1.0 |
Disease severity | |||||
Exacerbations per year | |||||
 1 | 14 (29.2%) | 4 (14.8%) | 2 (22.2%) | 2 (11.1%) | 0.6 |
 2 | 8 (16.7%) | 8 (29.6%) | 4 (44.4%) | 4 (22.2%) |  |
 3 or more | 26 (54.2%) | 15 (55.6%) | 3 (33.3%) | 12 (66.7%) |  |
 Body mass index | 27.3 (24.1–30.8) | 27.7 (24.5–31.5) | 30.7 (25.3–33.3) | 26.8 (23.1–30.5) | 0.3 |
 FEV1 | 1.79 (1.19–2.11) | 1.78 (1.19–2.06) | 1.98 (1.10–2.50) | 1.71 (1.25–2.05) | 0.5 |
 FEV1% predicted | 81.5 (53.3–102) | 81 (52–96) | 76.0 (46.5–109) | 83 (55.8–90.8) | 0.4 |
 FVC | 2.76 (2.25–3.74) | 2.69 (2.24–3.34) | 2.92 (2.17–3.86) | 2.67 (2.18–3.22) | 0.5 |
 6-min walk distance (m) | 432 (334–497) | 434 (348–500) | 414 (280–494) | 448 (400–507) | 0.6 |
Bronchiectasis severity index | |||||
 Mild | 9 (18.8%) | 6 (22.2%) | 2 (22.2%) | 4 (22.2%) | 0.9 |
 Moderate | 20 (41.7%) | 10 (37.0%) | 4 (44.4%) | 6 (33.3%) |  |
 Severe | 19 (39.6%) | 11 (40.7%) | 3 (33.3%) | 8 (44.4%) |  |
Microbiology at baseline | |||||
 Haemophilus influenzae | 17 (35.4%) | 9 (33.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 6 (33.3%) | 1.0 |
 Moraxella catarrhalis | 8 (16.7%) | 5 (18.5%) | 1 (11.1%) | 4 (22.2%) | 0.6 |
 Enterobacteriaceae | 7 (14.6%) | 5 (18.5%) | 2 (22.2%) | 3 (16.7%) | 1.0 |
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 6 (12.5%) | 4 (14.8%) | 2 (22.2%) | 2 (11.1%) | 0.6 |
 Others | 10 (20.8%) | 4 (14.8%) | 1 (11.1%) | 3 (16.7%) | 1.0 |