Acute exacerbations of fibrosing interstitial lung disease associated with connective tissue diseases: a population-based study

Table 2 Risk factors for AE occurrence after ILD diagnosis for 1 year by univariate and multivariate Cox regression models in the two groups

Clinical Variables	Univariate Cox Model			Multivariate Cox Model
Clinical Variables	HR	95.0%CI	p value	HR	95.0% CI	p value
AE-IPF group
Gender	0.950	0.578–1.559	0.838	–	–	–
Age (years old)	1.009	0.986–1.032	0.441	–	–	–
Smoking history	1.347	0.858–2.113	0.195	0.499	0.103–2.407	0.386
Prior corticosteroids use	0.802	0.511–1.258	0.336	0.654	0.087–4.909	0.680
Prior immunosuppressant use	0.638	0.157–2.599	0.531	–	–	–
Corticosteroids reduction or discontinuation	0.818	0.516–1.298	0.393	–	–	–
FVC (L)	0.719	0.415–1.245	0.239	0.284	0.024–3.393	0.320
TLC% pred	1.015	0.983–1.048	0.371	1.279	0.957–1.709	0.096
DLCO% pred	0.984	0.958–1.011	0.244	–	–	–
PAH (mmHg)	0.959	0.921–1.000	0.048	0.950	0.875–1.031	0.217
BMI (kg/m²)	0.932	0.815–1.066	0.304	0.743	0.534–1.032	0.077
AE-CTD-fILD group
Gender	0.751	0.434–1.301	0.308	–	–	–
Age (years old)	0.995	0.963–1.028	0.765	–	–	–
Smoking history	0.654	0.335–1.277	0.214	2.567	0.076–86.493	0.599
Prior corticosteroids use	0.415	0.215–0.802	0.009	0.049	0.002–1.487	0.083
Prrior immunosuppressant use	0.727	0.421–1.253	0.251	–	–	–
Corticosteroids reduction or discontinuation	0.702	0.385–1.280	0.248	–	–	–
FVC (L)	0.857	0.559–1.313	0.478	3.521	0.306–40.477	0.312
TLC% pred	0.964	0.921–1.009	0.117	0.688	0.505–0.938	0.018
DLCO% pred	1.000	0.969–1.033	0.986	–	–	–
PAH (mmHg)	1.026	0.986–1.068	0.209	1.351	0.974–1.873	0.072
BMI (kg/m²)	0.935	0.856–1.022	0.137	0.823	0.666–1.016	0.823

AE = acute exacerbation; IPF = idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; fILD = fibrosing interstitial lung disease; CTDs = connective tissue diseases; HR = hazard ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; TLC = total lung capacity; DLCO = diffusing capacity of the lung for CO2; PAH = pulmonary arterial hypertension; BMI = body mass index

ISSN: 1471-2466