Table 2 Baseline patient characteristics
|  | Total (n = 153) | Bacteria (n = 36) | Virus (n = 57) | Co-infection (n = 31) | No pathogen (n = 29) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex (male), n (%) | 108 (70.6%) | 28 (77.8%) | 32 (56.1%) | 24 (77.4%) | 24 (82.7%) |
Age (years), median (range) | 62 (51–73) | 65 (53–77) | 61 (48–68) | 62 (57–73) | 62 (51–73) |
SAPS II, median (range) | 37 (27–47) | 44.5 (34–53.5) | 33 (27–44) | 42 (25–55.5) | 31 (19–41) |
BMI, median (range) | 27 (23–32) | 25 (23–27) | 31 (26.5–35) | 27 (23–31) | 28 (23–31) |
Seasonal influenza vaccination, n (%) | 47 (30.7%) | 16 (44.4%) | 12 (21%) | 8 (25.8%) | 11 (37.93%) |
Pneumococcal vaccination, n (%) | 27 (17.6%) | 8 (22.2%) | 5 (8.8%) | 9 (29%) | 5 (17.24%) |
COPD, n (%) | 37 (24.2%) | 6 (16.7%) | 11 (19.3%) | 7 (22.6%) | 13 (44.83%) |
Asthma, n (%) | 9 (5.9%) | 1 (2.8%) | 5 (8.8%) | 2 (6.4%) | 1 (3.4%) |
Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 22 (14.4%) | 1 (2.8%) | 10 (17.5%) | 7 (22.6%) | 4 (13.8%) |
Chronic renal failure, n (%) | 12 (7.8%) | 2 (5.6%) | 5 (8.8%) | 2 (6.4%) | 3 (10.3%) |
Diabetes, n (%) | 27 (17.6%) | 3 (8.3%) | 10 (17.5%) | 8 (25.8%) | 6 (20.7%) |
Tobacco use, n (%) | 57 (37.2%) | 13 (36.1%) | 21 (58.3%) | 10 (32.3%) | 13 (44.8%) |
Alcohol abuse, n (%) | 29 (18.9%) | 9 (25%) | 5 (8.8%) | 10 (32.3%) | 5 (17.2%) |
Immunocompromised patient, n (%) | 41 (26.8%) | 11 (30.6%) | 11 (19.3%) | 12 (38.7%) | 7 (24.1%) |
Patient treated with antibiotic(s), n (%) | 152 (99.3%) | 36 (100%) | 57 (100%) | 31 (100%) | 28 (96.5%) |
Patient treated with antiviral drug(s), n (%) | 21 (13.7%) | 0 (0%) | 18 (31.6%) | 3 (9.7%) | 0 (0%) |
Patient mechanically ventilated, n (%) | 113 (73.9%) | 33 (91.7%) | 39 (68.4%) | 20 (64.5%) | 21 (72.4%) |
Patient with tracheal intubation, n (%) | 89 (58.2%) | 30 (83.3%) | 28 (49.1%) | 19 (61.3%) | 12 (41.4%) |
Invasive mechanical ventilation (day), median (range) | 7 (4–14) | 7 (5–9.7) | 8 (4–15.7) | 6.5 (4.2–10.7) | 7 (5.2–11.7) |
Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (day), median (range) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (2–4) | 2 (1–4.5) | 1 (1–1) | 2.5 (1–3) |
ARDS, n (%) | 41 (26.8%) | 15 (41.7%) | 13 (22.8%) | 8 (25.8%) | 5 (17.2%) |
Patient treated with vasopressor, n (%) | 47 (30.7%) | 17 (47.2%) | 13 (22.8%) | 12 (38.7%) | 5 (17.2%) |
Vasopressor (day), median (range) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–5) | 2 (2–3) | 3.5 (1–6) | 3 (2–3) |
Creatinine (μM), median (range) | 106 (81–161) | 113 (86–194) | 108 (77–174) | 121 (90–160) | 88 (73–110) |
Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 14 (9.1%) | 7 (19.4%) | 5 (8.8%) | 1 (3.2%) | 1 (3.4%) |
ICU mortality, n (%) | 13 (8.5%) | 5 (13.9%) | 3 (5.3%) | 5 (16.1%) | 0 (0%) |