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Table 2 Scores on CAT, mMRC, and original questionnaire survey, and visual analog scale after using each inhaler

From: A randomized controlled trial of long-acting muscarinic antagonist and long-acting β2 agonist fixed-dose combinations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 

Gly/Ind

Ume/Vil

Tio/Olo

P value

Gly/Ind versus Ume/Vil

Gly/Ind versus Tio/Olo

Ume/Vil versus Tio/Olo

CAT

14.2 ± 8.5

14.6 ± 9.0

14.1 ± 8.6

0.9454

0.9975

0.9208

mMRC

1.86 ± 0.95

1.80 ± 1.01

1.89 ± 0.95

0.9359

0.9836

0.8617

Original questionnaire

Hoarseness

0.39 ± 0.84

0.31 ± 0.67

0.28 ± 0.54

0.7473

0.5964

0.9681

Discomfort or irritation of the throat

0.39 ± 0.62

0.51 ± 0.91

0.27 ± 0.51

0.6027

0.5273

0.1051

Cough immediately after inhalation

0.54 ± 0.69

0.56 ± 0.86

0.46 ± 0.75

0.9742

0.8495

0.7267

Aftertaste

0.31 ± 0.60

0.65 ± 0.83

0.23 ± 0.45

0.0059

0.7164

0.0004

Headache

0.10 ± 0.45

0.08 ± 0.41

0.10 ± 0.34

0.9764

1

0.9764

Palpitation

0.14 ± 0.35

0.20 ± 0.52

0.08 ± 0.33

0.692

0.692

0.2325

Tremor

0.06 ± 0.23

0.10 ± 0.34

0.08 ± 0.28

0.6597

0.8309

0.9547

Eye pain, bleariness

0.20 ± 0.52

0.34 ± 0.70

0.32 ± 0.63

0.3671

0.4436

0.9899

Thirst

0.59 ± 0.87

0.53 ± 0.84

0.46 ± 0.71

0.8633

0.622

0.9102

⑩ Constipation

0.32 ± 0.63

0.46 ± 0.77

0.30 ± 0.62

0.4303

0.9666

0.2981

⑪ Difficulty of urination

0.30 ± 0.54

0.31 ± 0.71

0.28 ± 0.68

0.9908

0.9908

0.9638

⑫ About shape, size or design

1.01 ± 0.62

1.42 ± 0.77

1.21 ± 0.75

0.0024

0.2323

0.1878

⑬ About inhaler operation and procedure

1.06 ± 0.63

1.23 ± 0.74

1.14 ± 0.68

0.3082

0.7435

0.7435

⑭ About actual feeling of being able to inhale

1.01 ± 0.73

1.45 ± 1.01

1.64 ± 0.90

0.0103

< 0.0001

0.3821

⑮ About actual effect

1.58 ± 0.80

1.80 ± 0.77

1.70 ± 0.74

0.1936

0.5919

0.7277

⑯ Overall evaluation

1.35 ± 0.79

1.70 ± 0.93

1.54 ± 0.73

0.0311

0.3836

0.4416

Visual Analog Scale (cm)

6.65 ± 2.21

6.09 ± 2.32

6.06 ± 2.10

0.2924

0.2514

0.9954

  1. CAT, COPD Assessment Test; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council dyspnea questionnaire