Fig. 1

Use of EIT during invasive mechanical ventilation, weaning from ventilator and oxygen therapy after extubation. a Titration of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with cumulated regional collapse and overdistension based on EIT. b Functional EIT (fEIT) image illustrated the tidal ventilation distribution on April 1st indicating poor ventilation in the dorsal regions and left lung. RV, right ventral lung regions; LV, left ventral lung regions; RD, right dorsal lung regions; LV, left dorsal lung regions. Highly ventilated regions are marked in light blue and white. EIT measurements were performed in supine position. c fEIT on April 13th before spontaneous breathing trial showing more homogenous distribution of ventilation. d Change of respiratory rate and end-expiratory lung impedance (EELI) during high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) with various flows. ΔEELI was calculated relative to the EELI during a short period with zero support and proportional to the tidal variation during the same period (%TV). Medians and interquartile ranges of respiratory rate and ΔEELI values during the last minute of each phase are plotted