Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics in all patients and by gender
From: Covid-19 and gender: lower rate but same mortality of severe disease in women—an observational study
N | All patients (N = 431) | Gender | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female (N = 119) | Male (N = 312) | p | |||
Age—y mean (SD) | 431 | 67.6 (13.0) | 67.0 (14.5) | 67.8 (12.5) | 0.54 |
≤ 59—no. (%) | 431 | 109 (25.3) | 32 (26.9) | 77 (24.7) | 0.29 |
60–69—no. (%) | 103 (23.9) | 24 (20.2) | 79 (25.3) | ||
70–77—no. (%) | 114 (26.5) | 38 (31.9) | 76 (24.4) | ||
≥ 78—no. (%) | 105 (24.4) | 25 (21.0) | 80 (25.6) | ||
Caucasian ethnicity—no. (%) | 431 | 425 (98.6) | 118 (99.2) | 307 (98.4) | 0.55 |
BMIa—median [IQR] | 359 | 26.8 [24.5–30.2] | 26.3 [22.8–31.2] | 27.0 [24.8–30.1] | 0.14 |
≥ 30—no. (%) | 359 | 97 (27.0) | 30 (30.9) | 67 (25.6) | 0.31 |
Smoking history—no. (%) | |||||
Current smoker | 319 | 18 (5.6) | 4 (4.5) | 14 (6.1) | 0.60 |
Former smoker | 319 | 95 (29.8) | 18 (20.5) | 77 (33.3) | 0.025 |
Never smoker | 319 | 206 (64.6) | 66 (75.0) | 140 (60.6) | 0.016 |
Comorbidities—no. (%) | |||||
Hypertension | 425 | 237 (55.8) | 61 (51.7) | 176 (57.3) | 0.29 |
Diabetes | 425 | 84 (19.8) | 18 (15.3) | 66 (21.5) | 0.15 |
Chronic Kidney Failure | 423 | 31 (7.3) | 9 (7.8) | 22 (7.2) | 0.83 |
COPD | 423 | 41 (9.7) | 13 (11.1) | 28 (9.2) | 0.54 |
Active solid neoplasm | 423 | 16 (3.8) | 6 (5.1) | 10 (3.3) | 0.37 |
Active hematologic malignancy | 423 | 11 (2.6) | 2 (1.7) | 9 (2.9) | 0.48 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 422 | 25 (5.9) | 6 (5.1) | 19 (6.2) | 0.67 |
Previous Myocardial Infarction | 422 | 53 (12.6) | 4 (3.4) | 49 (16.1) | < 0.001 |
Chronic heart failure | 423 | 16 (3.8) | 5 (4.3) | 11 (3.6) | 0.74 |
Vasculopathy | 423 | 55 (13.0) | 8 (6.8) | 47 (15.4) | 0.020 |
Rheumatic pathology | 423 | 28 (6.6) | 9 (7.7) | 19 (6.2) | 0.58 |
CCI score—median [IQR] | 426 | 4.0 [2.0–5.0] | 4.0 [2.0–5.0] | 4.0 [2.0–5.0] | 0.27 |
CCI = 0—no. (%) | 426 | 36 (8.5) | 13 (10.9) | 23 (7.5) | 0.41 |
CCI = 1–2—no. (%) | 102 (23.9) | 25 (21.0) | 77 (25.1) | ||
CCI = 3 + – no. (%) | 288 (67.6) | 81 (68.1) | 207 (67.4) | ||
Medication history—no. (%) | |||||
Antihypertensives | 412 | 224 (54.4) | 60 (52.2) | 164 (55.2) | 0.58 |
ACE-inhibitors | 416 | 73 (17.5) | 21 (18.4) | 52 (17.2) | 0.77 |
ARBs | 416 | 72 (17.3) | 13 (11.4) | 59 (19.5) | 0.050 |
Steroids | 415 | 20 (4.8) | 8 (6.9) | 12 (4.0) | 0.22 |
Oral antidiabetics | 415 | 59 (14.2) | 16 (13.8) | 43 (14.4) | 0.88 |
Insulin | 415 | 27 (6.5) | 5 (4.3) | 22 (7.4) | 0.26 |
OAT/DOACs | 413 | 51 (12.3) | 18 (15.7) | 33 (11.1) | 0.20 |
Antiplatelets | 415 | 112 (27.0) | 28 (24.1) | 84 (28.1) | 0.42 |
Long-term oxygen therapy | 423 | 10 (2.4) | 4 (3.4) | 6 (2.0) | 0.38 |
Immunosuppression—no. (%) | 423 | 27 (6.4) | 9 (7.7) | 18 (5.9) | 0.50 |
Iatrogenic | 423 | 27 (6.4) | 9 (7.7) | 18 (5.9) | 0.51 |
HIV | 423 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
Flu vaccine—no. (%) | 290 | 142 (49.0) | 35 (42.7) | 107 (51.4) | 0.18 |