Table 1 The baseline characteristics of the study patients
Atorvastatin Group (n = 40) | Placebo Group (n = 38) | Mean difference (95% CI) | Effect size (95% CI) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics & clinicala | |||||
Age (years) | 51 ± 5.5 | 49.7 ± 5.9 | 1.4 (− 1, 3.8) | − 0.25 (− 0.7, 0.19) | 0.10c |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27 ± 5.5 | 25 ± 4.3 | 1.8 (− .03, 3.9) | − 0.4 (− 0.85, 0.04) | 0.08 |
Heart rate (beats/min) | 78.6 ± 9 | 78.9 ± 10 | − 0.3 (− 4.2, 3.7) | 0.03 (− 0.41, 0.47) | 0.84c |
Respiratory rate (inhalation-exhalation cycles/min) | 15.7 ± 2.3 | 15.1 ± 2.3 | 0.6 (− 0.4, 1.6) | − 0.26 (− 0.7, 0.18) | 0.23c |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 115.6 ± 14 | 119.2 ± 14 | − 3.6 (− 9.5, 2.4) | 0.25 (− 0.18, 0.7) | 0.26c |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 72.9 ± 9 | 76.1 ± 8 | − 3.2 (− 6.8, 0.3) | 0.37 (− 0.07, 0.82) | 0.07c |
Mean FEV1/FVC | 66.4 ± 9 | 66.7 ± 10 | 0.007 (− 0.035, 0.049) | 0.03 (− 0.41, 0.47) | 0.90 |
COPD classification | |||||
FEV1 ≥ 80%, n (%) | 22 (55%) | 20 (54.1%) | 0.97 | ||
50 ≤ FEV1 < 80, n (%) | 11 (27.5%) | 11 (29.7%) | |||
30 ≤ FEV1 < 50, n (%) | 7 (17.5%) | 6 (16.2%) | |||
Blood testsa | |||||
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 15.4 ± 1.9 | 15.7 ± 1.6 | − 0.3 (− 1, 0.5) | 0.17 (− 0.27, 0.61) | 0.46 |
Serum AST (U/ml) | 21.8 ± 7 | 24.1 ± 12 | − 2.3 (− 6.4, 1.8) | 0.23 (− 0.21, 0.68) | 0.49c |
Serum ALT (U/ml) | 20.6 ± 10 | 28.7 ± 19 | − 8.1 (− 14.7, − 1.5) | 0.53 (0.08, 0.98) | 0.007c |
Serum alkaline phosphatase (U/l) | 206 ± 47 | 193 ± 49 | 12 (− 8, 32) | − 0.27 (− 0.71, 0.17) | 0.23 |
Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 206 ± 42 | 211 ± 85 | − 4.7 (− 32, 23) | 0.07 (− 0.36, 0.51) | 0.74 |
Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dl) | 124 ± 33 | 119 ± 30 | 4.8 (− 8.6, 18.3) | − 0.15 (− 0.6, 0.28) | 0.47 |
TG (mg/dl) | 174 ± 89 | 149 ± 114 | 25 (− 18, 67) | − 0.24 (− 0.69, 0.2) | 0.25 |
Systemic inflammation markersa | |||||
White blood cells (× 103 cells per ml) | 7.6 ± 2.5 | 6.7 ± 1.7 | 0.9 (− 0.09, 1.8) | − 0.41 (− 0.86,0.03) | 0.052 |
IL-6 (pg/ml) | 0.92 ± 0.87 | 1.1 ± 1.3 | − 0.16 (− 0.67, 0.35) | 0.16 (− 0.28, 0.6) | 0.81c |
TNF-α (pg/ml) | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 0.16 (− 0.01, 0.34) | − 0.4 (− 0.85, 0.04) | 0.10c |
HsCRP (ng/ml) | 5.35 ± 3.2 | 4.10 ± 2.9 | 1.2 (− 1.2, 2.6) | − 0.4 (− 0.85, 0.04) | 0.07 |
Procalcitonin (pg/ml) | 0.043 ± 0.18 | 0.038 ± 0.07 | 0.005 (− 0.06, 0.07) | − 0.03 (− .048, 0.4) | 0.20c |
Quality of lifea | |||||
CAT score | 29.4 ± 7 | 28.1 ± 6 | 1.24 (− 1.46, 3.95) | − 0.19 (− 0.64, 0.24) | 0.36 |
Medicationb | |||||
Inhaled corticosteroids | 4 (10%) | 5 (14.7%) | 0.81 | ||
Inhaled anticholinergics | 6 (15%) | 4 (11.1%) | 0.77 | ||
Inhaled β2 agonists | 19 (47.5%) | 15 (41.7%) | 0.72 | ||
Antihypertensive | 13 (31.7%) | 13 (38.2%) | 0.67 | ||
Antidiabetics | 5 (12.5%) | 4 (11.8%) | 0.87 | ||
Mucolytic | 15 (37.5%) | 14 (41.2%) | 0.79 |