Table 1 Baseline difference between AECOPD case patients and non-AECOPD control T2DM patients
Variables | Non-AECOPD controls | AECOPD cases | SMD | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | (%) | n | (%) | ||
Sample size | 13,420 | 3355 | |||
Male, yes | 8956 | (66.7) | 2239 | (66.7) | 0.000 |
Age, [mean, SD] | [72.2, 10.4] | [72.1, 10.5] | |||
40–49 | 350 | (2.6) | 92 | (2.7) | 0.008 |
50–59 | 1437 | (10.7) | 357 | (10.6) | 0.002 |
60–69 | 2902 | (21.6) | 759 | (22.6) | 0.024 |
70–79 | 5318 | (39.6) | 1266 | (37.7) | 0.039 |
≥ 80 | 3413 | (25.4) | 881 | (26.3) | 0.019 |
Year of the first DM claim | |||||
2000–2002 | 8059 | (60.1) | 2035 | (60.7) | 0.012 |
2003–2006 | 3114 | (23.2) | 769 | (22.9) | 0.007 |
2007–2010 | 1681 | (12.5) | 418 | (12.5) | 0.002 |
2011–2014 | 566 | (4.2) | 133 | (4.0) | 0.013 |
Year of COPD diagnosis | |||||
2003–2006 | 4411 | (32.9) | 1121 | (33.4) | 0.012 |
2007–2010 | 4906 | (36.6) | 1228 | (36.6) | 0.001 |
2011–2014 | 4103 | (30.6) | 1006 | (30.0) | 0.013 |
Previous or coexisting disease conditions, yes | |||||
HTN | 8671 | (64.6) | 2182 | (65.0) | 0.009 |
CAD | 2867 | (21.4) | 698 | (20.8) | 0.014 |
CHF | 1109 | (8.3) | 282 | (8.4) | 0.005 |
AF | 581 | (4.3) | 154 | (4.6) | 0.013 |
Pneumonia | 1761 | (13.1) | 433 | (12.9) | 0.006 |
CLD | 849 | (6.3) | 216 | (6.4) | 0.005 |
Dementia/Parkinson | 1425 | (10.6) | 364 | (10.8) | 0.007 |
Osteoporosis | 447 | (3.3) | 114 | (3.4) | 0.004 |
CCI, [mean, SD] | [1.5, 1.5] | [1.6, 1.5] | |||
0 | 4294 | (32.0) | 1078 | (32.1) | 0.003 |
1–2 | 5893 | (43.9) | 1412 | (42.1) | 0.037 |
≥ 3 | 3233 | (24.1) | 865 | (25.8) | 0.039 |
Level of COPD complexity at initial diagnosis | |||||
Low | 6689 | (49.8) | 1,722 | (51.3) | 0.030 |
Moderate/high | 6731 | (50.2) | 1633 | (48.7) | 0.030 |
COPD medication use 3 month prior to index date, yes | |||||
SABA or SAMA | 169 | (1.3) | 39 | (1.2) | 0.009 |
LABA or LAMA | 417 | (3.1) | 60 | (1.8) | 0.085 |
ICS or Steroid | 12682 | (94.5) | 3210 | (95.7) | 0.054 |
Others | 152 | (1.1) | 46 | (1.4) | 0.021 |