Fig. 3

TUDCA alleviates BLM-induced activation of TGF-β/Smad2/3 in the mice lungs. In BLM alone and BLM + TUDCA group, mice were intratracheally injected with a single dose of BLM (3.0 mg/kg). In TUDCA alone and BLM + TUDCA group, mice were intraperitoneally injected with TUDCA (250 mg/kg) once a day. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with NS and administered with NS by intratracheal injection in control group. Mice were sacrificed at 21 d after BLM treatment. a Pulmonary Tgf-β1 mRNA were detected by real-time RT-PCR. b Pulmonary p-Smad3-positive cells were detected by IHC. Original magnification: 400×. c Pulmonary p-Smad3-positive cells were counted. d Pulmonary p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 were detected via immunoblot. e, f Quantitative analysis of grayscale value. All data were expressed as means ± S.E.M. (p-Smad2 and p-Smad3) or median (IQR) (Tgf-β1 mRNA and p-Smad3-positive cells) of ten lung tissues from ten different mice