Table 3 Patient demographic and clinical information

Age, years, mean (SD)

46.9 (18.9)

44.2 (20.7)

49.9 (16.4)

0.159^a

Male, N (%)

62 (72.9)

33 (73.3)

29 (72.5)

0.931^c

Admission indication, N (%)

0.652^c

Trauma

54 (63.5)

30 (66.7)

24 (60)

Post-operative

31 (36.5)

15 (33.3)

16 (40)

Comorbidities, yes, N (%)

0.932^b

ARDS

7 (8.2)

3 (6.7)

4 (10)

Cancer

13 (15.3)

6 (13.3)

7 (17.5)

COPD

7 (8.2)

4 (8.9)

3 (7.5)

CHF

24 (28.2)

13 (28.9)

11 (27.5)

ESRD

14 (16.5)

9 (20)

5 (12.5)

Multiple trauma

20 (23.5)

10 (22.2)

10 (25)

Positive tracheal culture, N (%)

69 (81.2)

40 (88.9)

29 (72.5)

0.093^c

MDR organism, yes, N (%)

31 (36.5)

17 (37.8)

14 (35)

0.825^c

Procalcitonin, ng/mL, mean (SD)

4.03 (4.68)

3.53 (3.6)

4.6 (5.6)

0.308^a

APACHE II, mean (SD)

18.1 (2.84)

17.9 (3.43)

18.4 (1.98)

0.399^a

Duration of intubation, hours, mean (SD)

177.1 (39.61)

176.02 (38.7)

178.32 (41.09)

0.791^a

Reintubation, N (%)

32 (37.6)

14 (31.1)

18 (45)

0.262^c

MV duration prior to VAP, hours, median (IQR)

72 (54–87.5)

72 (52–87.5)

72 (64.5–88.5)

0.639^a

ICU duration prior to developing VAP, days, median (IQR)

7 (6–8)

7 (6–8.5)

7 (6–8)

0.118^a

VAP timing, mean (SD)

Early (< 5 days)

–

15 (33.3)

–

–

Late (≥ 5 days)

30 (66.7)

Length-of-stay, days, mean (SD)

ICU LOS

9.8 (3.0)

13.13 (3.27)

12.72 (2.75)

0.538^a

Non-ICU LOS

15.4 (3.1)

12.67 (3.34)

11.96 (2.99)

0.320^a

Mortality, N (%)

ICU

17 (20)

8 (17.8)

9 (22.5)

0.787^c

Hospital

22 (25.9)

12 (26.7)

10 (25)

0.861^c