Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients with chronic cough between male and female groups

No.

933 (100)

446 (47.8)

487 (52.2)

–

Age, years

40.0 (31.0–52.0)

37.0 (29.0–50.0)

43.0 (33.0–53.0)

< 0.001

< 20 years

24/933 (2.6)

14/446(3.1)

10/487 (2.1)

0.295

20–29 years

175/933 (18.8)

108/446 (24.2)

67/487 (13.8)

< 0.001

30–39 years

251/933 (26.9)

117/446 (26.2)

134/487 (27.5)

0.659

40–49 years

201/933 (21.5)

93/446 (20.9)

108/487 (22.2)

0.623

50–59 years

157/933 (16.8)

55/446 (12.3)

102/487 (20.9)

< 0.001

60–69 years

96/933 (10.3)

43/446 (9.6)

53/487 (10.9)

0.533

70–79 years

25/933 (2.7)

12/446 (2.7)

13/487 (2.7)

0.984

80–89 years

4/933 (0.4)

4/446 (0.9)

0/487 (0)

0.052

Educational level

Primary and lower

151/818 (18.5)

47/388 (12.1)

104/430 (24.2)

< 0.001

Middle school

227/818 (27.8)

104/388 (26.8)

123/430 (28.6)

0.566

High school

174/818 (21.3)

89/388 (22.9)

85/430 (19.8)

0.268

College and higher

266/818 (32.5)

148/388 (38.2)

118/430 (17.5)

0.001

Duration, months

6.0 (3.0–24.0)

7.5 (3.0–24.0)

6.0 (3.0–24.0)

0.131

Dry cough

679/930 (73.0)

338/445 (76.0)

341/485 (70.3)

0.053

Timing of cough

Morning

253/933 (27.1)

124/446 (27.8)

129/487 (26.5)

0.652

Daytime

330/933 (35.4)

173/446 (38.8)

157/487 (32.2)

0.037

Before sleep

254/933 (27.2)

123/446 (27.6)

131/487 (26.9)

0.816

Nighttime

191/933 (20.5)

72/446 (16.1)

119/487 (24.4)

0.002

Concomotant symptoms

Pharyngeal

704/933 (75.5)

325/446 (73.0)

379/487 (77.8)

0.079

Nasal

350/933 (37.5)

160/446 (36.0)

190/487 (39.0)

0.322

Reflux-related

237/933 (25.4)

110/446 (24.7)

127/487 (26.1)

0.620

Respiratory

322/933 (34.5)

151/446 (33.9)

171/487 (35.1)

0.687

Smoking status

Never

764/933 (81.9)

284/446 (63.7)

480/487 (98.6)

< 0.001

Former

55/933 (5.9)

52/446 (11.7)

3/487 (0.6)

< 0.001

Current

114/933 (12.2)

110/446 (24.6)

4/487 (0.8)

< 0.001

Occupational exposure

95/933 (10.2)

50/446 (11.2)

45/487 (9.2)

0.320