Table 1 Base case

Cost Tiotropio (per 4 week cycle)

$ 60

$ 75

$ 45

[19, 23]

Cost Umeclidinium (per 4 week cycle)

$ 32

$ 40

$ 24

Cost Glycopirronium (per 4 week cycle)

$ 32

$ 40

$ 24

Cost ICS + LABA (per 4 week cycle)

$ 27

$ 34

$ 20

Cost ED visit (per episode)

$ 26

$ 33

$ 20

Cost hospitalization (per day)

$ 80

$ 100

$ 60

Utilities (anual)

 Utility of controlled state

0.740

0.93

0.56

[13]

Utility decrement

 Exacerbations requiring OCS burst

0.1

0.13

0.08

[14]

 Exacerbations requiring ED visit

0.15

0.19

0.11

 Exacerbations requiring hospitalization

0.2

0.25

0.15

ICS + LABA + LAMA efect

 Relative risk on exacerbation rate

0.85

0.78

0.92

[10]

Adherence

 ICS + LAMA + LABA

63%

79%

47%

[17, 18]

 ICS + LABA

56%

70%

42%

Transition probabilities

 Probability controlled to OC Burst

0.12

0.12

0.07

[11]

 Probability OCS Burst to ED visit

0.47

0.59

0.35

[12]

 Probability of ED visti to hospitalization

0.1500

0.19

0.11

 Asthma mortality

0.00020

0.00024

0.00014

[16]

Annual dicount rate

5%

6%

0%