Table 2 Characteristics and management of tracheal stenosis
Characteristics | Patients with tracheal stenosis (n = 114) |
|---|---|
Type of stenosis | Â |
Localized granulation tissue formation | 109 (95.6) |
Concentric granulation tissue formation | 5 (4.4) |
Concentric scar stenosis | 0 (0.0) |
Fibrous web-like stenosis | 0 (0.0) |
Site of stenosis | Â |
Upper tracheal stenosis | 100 (87.7) |
Subglottic stenosis | 14 (12.3) |
Mid/lower tracheal stenosis | 0 (0.0) |
Severity of stenosis | Â |
% of lumen occlusion | Â |
 All patients | 40 (25–50) |
 Patients referred to bronchoscopy | 50 (40–60) |
 Patients with subglottic stenosis | 60 (50–70) |
Myer-Cotton Grading | Â |
 Grade 1 (< 50%) | 66 (57.9) |
 Grade 2 (50–69%) | 33 (28.9) |
 Grade 3 (70–99%) | 13 (11.4) |
 Grade 4 (100%) | 2 (1.8) |
Tracheal cartilage ring fracture | 24 (21.1) |
Cannulation duration (days) | 37 (27–50) |
Interventional Bronchoscopy | Â |
No. of patients referred to bronchoscopy | 77 |
No. of endoscopic procedures | 105 |
No. of procedures per patient | Â |
 ≥ 1 procedure | 77 (80.2) |
 ≥ 2 procedures | 21 (21.9) |
 = 3 procedures | 7 (7.3) |
Type of procedure | Â |
Nd:YAG Laser | 98 (93.3) |
Argon plasma coagulation | 4 (3.8) |
Forceps resection | 3 (2.9) |
Mechanical dilatation | 0 (0.0) |
Severity of stenosis | Â |
% of lumen occlusion post-intervention | 10 (0–20) |
Myer-Cotton Grading post-intervention | Â |
 Grade 1 (< 50%) | 76 (98.7) |
 Grade 2 (50–69%) | 1 (1.3) |
 Grade 3 (70–99%) | 0 (0.0) |
 Grade 4 (100%) | 0 (0.0) |
Laryngotracheal surgery | 3 (2.6) |