Table 1 Univariate analysis for the association between risk factors and massive hemoptysis in patients with bronchiectasis
From: A retrospective analysis of risk factors for massive hemoptysis in patients with bronchiectasis
Massive hemoptysis | P (χ2) | OR (95% CI) | P (OR) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 379) | No (n = 318) | Yes (n = 61) | ||||
Gender | 0.020* | |||||
Male | 197 (51.98) | 157 (79.70) | 40 (20.30) | Ref | ||
Female | 182 (48.02) | 161 (88.46) | 21 (11.54) | 0.512 (0.289, 0.907) | 0.022* | |
Age (years) | 0.915 | |||||
< 40 | 23 (6.07) | 19 (82.61) | 4 (17.39) | Ref | ||
(40,50) | 61 (16.09) | 52 (85.25) | 9 (14.75) | 0.822 (0.226, 2.986) | 0.766 | |
(50,60) | 93 (24.54) | 79 (84.95) | 14 (15.05) | 0.842 (0.249, 2.848) | 0.782 | |
(60,70) | 108 (28.50) | 92 (85.19) | 16 (14.81) | 0.826 (0.248, 2.748) | 0.755 | |
≥ 70 | 94 (24.80) | 76 (80.85) | 18 (19.15) | 1.125 (0.341, 3.714) | 0.847 | |
Smoking | 0.073 | |||||
Never | 277 (73.09) | 238 (85.92) | 39 (14.08) | Ref | ||
Current | 72 (19.00) | 54 (75.00) | 18 (25.00) | 2.034 (1.081, 3.826) | 0.028* | |
Former | 30 (7.92) | 26 (86.67) | 4 (13.33) | 0.939 (0.311, 2.837) | 0.911 | |
Course (years) | 0.075 | |||||
≤ 1 | 124 (32.72) | 97 (78.23) | 27 (21.77) | Ref | ||
(1,5] | 74 (19.53) | 68 (91.89) | 6 (8.11) | 0.317 (0.124, 0.809) | 0.016* | |
(5,10] | 74 (19.53) | 61 (82.43) | 13 (17.57) | 0.766 (0.367, 1.597) | 0.476 | |
> 10 | 107 (28.23) | 92 (85.98) | 15 (14.02) | 0.586 (0.293, 1.171) | 0.130 | |
PTMH | 0.242 | |||||
No | 357 (94.20) | 302 (84.59) | 55 (15.41) | Ref | ||
Yes | 22 (5.80) | 16 (72.73) | 6 (27.27) | 2.059 (0.772, 5.493) | 0.149 | |
Hypertension | 0.334 | |||||
No | 320 (84.43) | 271 (84.69) | 49 (15.31) | Ref | ||
Yes | 59 (15.57) | 47 (79.66) | 12 (20.34) | 1.412 (0.699, 2.853) | 0.336 | |
Diabetes | 0.154 | |||||
No | 359 (94.72) | 304 (84.68) | 55 (15.32) | Ref | ||
Yes | 20 (5.28) | 14 (70.00) | 6 (30.00) | 2.369 (0.873, 6.430) | 0.091 | |
COPD | 0.658 | |||||
No | 306 (80.74) | 258 (84.31) | 48 (15.69) | Ref | ||
Yes | 73 (19.26) | 60 (82.19) | 13 (17.81) | 1.165 (0.594, 2.285) | 0.658 | |
Asprin | 1.000 | |||||
No | 366 (96.57) | 307 (83.88) | 59 (16.12) | Ref | ||
Yes | 13 (3.43) | 11 (84.62) | 2 (15.38) | 0.946 (0.204, 4.378) | 0.943 | |
Anticoagulation | 0.410 | |||||
No | 376 (99.21) | 316 (84.04) | 60 (15.96) | Ref | ||
Yes | 3 (0.79) | 2 (66.67) | 1 (33.33) | 2.633 (0.235, 29.504) | 0.432 | |
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis | 0.334 | |||||
No | 370 (97.63) | 312 (84.32) | 58 (15.68) | Ref | ||
Yes | 9 (2.37) | 6 (66.67) | 3 (33.33) | 2.690 (0.654, 11.060) | 0.170 | |
Pneumonia | 0.658 | |||||
No | 306 (80.74) | 258 (84.31) | 48 (15.69) | Ref | ||
Yes | 73 (19.26) | 60 (82.19) | 13 (17.81) | 1.165 (0.594, 2.285) | 0.658 | |
PLT (× 109/L) | 0.698 | |||||
Normal | 317 (83.64) | 268 (84.54) | 49 (15.46) | Ref | ||
Low | 44 (11.61) | 35 (79.55) | 9 (20.45) | 1.406 (0.636, 3.109) | 0.399 | |
High | 18 (4.75) | 15 (83.33) | 3 (16.67) | 1.094 (0.305, 3.920) | 0.890 | |
D-dimer (mg/l) | 0.620 | |||||
Normal | 276 (72.82) | 230 (83.33) | 46 (16.67) | Ref | ||
High | 103 (27.18) | 88 (85.44) | 15 (14.56) | 0.852 (0.453, 1.604) | 0.620 | |
Lobes | 0.012* | |||||
1 | 128 (33.77) | 113 (88.28) | 15 (11.72) | a | Ref | |
2 | 87 (22.96) | 63 (72.41) | 24 (27.59) | b | 2.870 (1.404, 5.866) | 0.004** |
3 | 59 (15.57) | 49 (83.05) | 10 (16.95) | ab | 1.537 (0.646, 3.661) | 0.331 |
4 | 31 (8.18) | 29 (93.55) | 2 (6.45) | ab | 0.520 (0.112, 2.401) | 0.402 |
5 | 74 (19.53) | 64 (86.49) | 10 (13.51) | ab | 1.177 (0.500, 2.773) | 0.709 |
Left upper lobe | 0.732 | |||||
No | 185 (48.81) | 154 (83.24) | 31 (16.76) | Ref | ||
Yes | 194 (51.19) | 164 (84.54) | 30 (15.46) | 0.909 (0.525, 1.572) | 0.732 | |
Left lower lobe | 0.029* | |||||
No | 128 (33.77) | 100 (78.12) | 28 (21.88) | Ref | ||
Yes | 251 (66.23) | 218 (86.85) | 33 (13.15) | 0.541 (0.310, 0.943) | 0.030* | |
Right upper lobe | 0.137 | |||||
No | 237 (62.53) | 204 (86.08) | 33 (13.92) | Ref | ||
Yes | 142 (37.47) | 114 (80.28) | 28 (19.72) | 1.518 (0.873, 2.640) | 0.139 | |
Right middle lobe | 0.595 | |||||
No | 187 (49.34) | 155 (82.89) | 32 (17.11) | Ref | ||
Yes | 192 (50.66) | 163 (84.90) | 29 (15.10) | 0.862 (0.498, 1.491) | 0.595 | |
Right lower lobe | 0.801 | |||||
No | 192 (50.66) | 162 (84.38) | 30 (15.62) | Ref | ||
Yes | 187 (49.34) | 156 (83.42) | 31 (16.58) | 1.073 (0.620, 1.856) | 0.801 | |