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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of Echo_1 before and after propensity-score matching

From: Effects of transthoracic echocardiography on the prognosis of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a propensity score matched analysis of the MIMIC-III database

Characteristic

Before matching

After matching

Without Echo_1 (n = 827)

Echo_1 (n = 516)

P value

Without Echo_1 (n = 440)

Echo_1 (n = 440)

P value

PaO2/FiO2 ratio(mmHg)

139.5 ± 63.3

128.1 ± 62.8

0.001

130.7 ± 61.7

129.5 ± 62.2

0.779

PEEP( cmH2O)

7.7 ± 3.7

8.1 ± 3.9

0.024

8.1 ± 4.0

8.0 ± 3.8

0.690

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

116.2 ± 15.5

113.3 ± 14.8

 < 0.001

114.5 ± 15.2

114.1 ± 15.1

0.676

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

60.0 ± 10.2

58.9 ± 9.1

0.050

59.1 ± 10.1

59.4 ± 9.3

0.647

MAP(mmHg)

77.7 ± 10.3

76.3 ± 9.6

0.009

76.6 ± 10.2

76.8 ± 9.7

0.797

Temperature(℃)

37.1 ± 0.7

37.1 ± 0.7

0.782

37.1 ± 0.8

37.1 ± 0.7

0.523

SPO2

96.8 ± 2.9

96.4 ± 3.7

0.049

96.7 ± 3.4

96.4 ± 3.8

0.355

Plateau pressure (cmH2O)

25.8 ± 6.8

26.9 ± 6.9

0.006

26.8 ± 7.0

26.6 ± 6.8

0.624

Tidal volume (ml/kg PBW)

673.7 ± 353.3

652.4 ± 159.5

0.197

647.1 ± 132.4

656.1 ± 164.0

0.371

Peak inspiratory pressure (cmH2O)

32.4 ± 8.3

33.2 ± 7.9

0.060

33.5 ± 8.5

33.0 ± 7.8

0.312

Respiratory rate set

29.7 ± 8.4

31.3 ± 9.0

0.002

30.8 ± 9.2

30.9 ± 8.9

0.861

Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)

32.4 ± 25.3

34.5 ± 26.0

0.140

33.5 ± 25.9

33.5 ± 25.4

0.984

calcium (mmol/L)

5.5 ± 3.3

6.1 ± 3.0

 < 0.001

6.0 ± 3.2

6.0 ± 3.1

0.784

PaCO2(mm Hg)

43.9 ± 14.0

43.5 ± 13.1

0.628

43.6 ± 13.3

43.5 ± 13.2

0.968

Arterial pH

7.3 ± 0.1

7.3 ± 0.1

0.01

7.3 ± 0.1

7.3 ± 0.1

0.8423

Platelet (× 109 /L)

213.4 ± 130.4

211.1 ± 121.4

0.750

204.2 ± 129.3

209.4 ± 118.1

0.534

Potassium (mmol/L)

4.2 ± 0.88

4.2 ± 0.88

0.757

4.2 ± 0.86

4.2 ± 0.87

0.813

Creatinine (μmol/L)

1.5 ± 1.4

1.5 ± 1.3

0.578

1.4 ± 1.2

1.4 ± 1.2

0.847

Sodium (mmol/L)

138.7 ± 5.3

138.7 ± 5.6

0.804

139.0 ± 5.0

138.6 ± 5.7

0.212

Age

67.9 ± 46.0

62.2 ± 31.0

0.013

63.5 ± 35.0

62.5 ± 33.0

0.672

Weight (kg)

83.7 ± 19.5

87.0 ± 52.3

0.101

84.4 ± 19.2

86.6 ± 54.9

0.426

Minute ventilation (l/min)

12.9 ± 8.8

13.2 ± 5.7

0.460

13.0 ± 4.8

13.0 ± 5.8

0.997

SOFA

6 (4–8)

7 (5–10)

 < 0.001

7 (5–9.5)

7 (5–9.5)

0.768

SAPS II

40 (32–50)

44 (34–54)

 < 0.001

41 (33–52.5)

43 (33–53)

0.246

OASIS

37 (31–43)

39 (34–45)

 < 0.001

39 (33–43)

38.5 (33–44)

0.875

Elixhauser comorbidity score

1 (1–12)

6 (2–13)

0.781

7 (2–12)

6 (2–12.5)

0.573

Heart rate (bpm)

91 (80–103)

92 (80–104)

0.755

91 (80–102)

92 (80–104)

0.770

Mean respiratory rate (/min)

20 (17–24)

21 (18–25)

0.002

21 (17–24)

21 (18–24)

0.83

ARDS severity

  

0.004

  

0.971

1

154 (18.6%)

77 (14.8%)

 

64 (14.5%)

66 (15%)

 

2

396 (47.9%)

223 (43.0%)

 

196 (44.5%)

197 (44.8%)

 

3

277 (33.5%)

219 (42.2%)

 

180 (40.9%)

177 (40.2%)

 

ICU type

  

0.024

  

0.288

CCU

93 (11.2%)

80 (15.4%)

 

54 (12.3%)

67 (15.2%)

 

CSRU

140 (16.9%)

40 (7.7%)

 

50 (11.4%)

37 (8.4%)

 

MICU

362 ( 43.8%)

265( 51.1%)

 

209(47.5%)

224(50.9%)

 

SICU

111( 13.4%)

67 (12.9%)

 

61(13.9%)

57(13.0%)

 

TSICU

121 (14.6%)

67 (12.9%)

 

66 (15%)

55 (12.5%)

 

Admission type

  

0.001

  

0.068

ELECTIVE

102 (12.3%)

33 (6.4%)

 

38 (8.6%)

6.6 (29)

 

EMERGENCY

690 (83.4%)

468 (90.2%)

 

376 (85.5%)

90.2 (397)

 

URGENT

35 (4.2%)

18 (3.5%)

 

26 (5.9%)

14 (3.2%)

 

Gender

  

0.511

  

0.892

Male

493 (59.6%)

300 (57.8%)

 

253 (57.5%)

251 (57.0%)

 

Diabetes

195 (23.6%)

123 (23.7%)

0.960

102 (23.2%)

99 (22.5%)

0.810

Hypertension

261 (31.6%)

144(27.7%)

0.138

127 (28.9%)

124 (28.2%)

0.823

COPD

129(15.4%)

72 (13.9%)

0.387

61 (13.7%)

61 (13.7%)

1.000

Sepsis

563 (68.1%)

392(75.5%)

0.003

316(71.8%)

321(73.0%)

0.706

CHF

306 (37.0%)

204 (39.3%)

0.396

174(39.5%)

174(39.5%)

1.000

AFIB

249 (30.1%)

135 (26.0%)

0.105

118(26.8%)

112(25.5%)

0.645

Renal

76 (9.2%)

44 (8.5%)

0.655

38 (8.6%)

36 (8.2%)

0.808

Liver

62 (7.5%)

43 (8.3%)

0.600

40 (9.1%)

35 (8.0%)

0.546

CAD

164 (19.8%)

85 (16.4%)

0.112

77 (17.5)

76 (17.3%))

0.929

Stroke

70 (8.5%)

42(8.1%)

0.810

33(7.5%)

34(7.7%)

0.899

Malignancy

135 (16.3%)

90(17.3%)

0.626

72(16.4%)

77(18.0%)

0.531

Day of ICU admission

  

0.406

  

0.296

Monday

140 (16.9%)

78 (15.0%)

 

47 (10.7%)

62 (14.1%)

 

Tuesday

109 (13.2%)

66 (12.7%)

 

88 (20%)

69 (15.7%)

 

Wednesday

128 (15.5%)

89 (17.1%)

 

59 (13.4%)

58 (13.2%)

 

Thursday

114 (13.8%)

62 (11.9%)

 

63 (14.3%)

80 (18.2%)

 

Friday

140 (16.9%)

79 (15.2%)

 

50 (11.4%)

52 (11.8%)

 

Saturday

98 (11.9%)

64 (12.3%)

 

76 (17.3%)

66 (15%)

 

Sunday

98 (11.9%)

81 (15.6%)

 

57 (13.0%)

53 (12.0%)

 

Lactic acid

  

0.119

  

0.395

Missing value

341(41.2%)

229(44.1%)

 

207 (47.0%)

190 (43.2%)

 

 < 4

82 (18.6%)

64 (12.3%)

 

40 (10.2%)

55 (12.5%)

 

 > 4

404 (48.9%)

206 (39.7%)

 

188 (42.7%)

195 (44.3%))

 

Vasopressin use (n, %)

354 (42.8%)

268 (51.6)

 < 0.001

206 (46.8%)

211 (47.9%)

0.736

  1. PO2 oxygen partial pressure, FiO2 Fraction of inspiration O2, PEEP positive end expiratory pressure, MAP Mean arterial pressure, SpO2 pulse oxygen saturation, PBW Parts by Weight, PCO2 carbon dioxide partial pressure, SAPS simplified acute physiology score, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment score, OASIS Oxford acute severity of illness score, BUN blood urea nitrogen, CCU Coronary Care Unit, CSRU Cardiovascular Surgery Rehabilitation Unit, MICU Medical Intensive Care Unit, SICU Surgical Intensive Care Unit, TSICU Trauma Surgery Intensive Care Unit, CHF Congestive heart failure, AFIB atrial fibrillation, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CAD coronary artery disease
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