Table 1 Summary of included research studies
Study | Country | Setting | Design | Participant | Intervention | Comparator | Outcome Measures | RoB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thomas et al. [23] | UK | Primary Care/General Practice Clinic | RCT (3 arms) | Asthma patients | 2 intervention arms: Self-guided intervention (DVD, booklet), Face to face physiotherapist-delivered breathing retraining programme | Usual care | AQLQ (short version) | Low |
Howard et al. [24] | UK | Primary Care/General Practice Clinic | RCT | COPD patients | COPD manual including in-person cognitive behavioural intervention | British Lung Foundation Information Booklet | HADS for Anxiety and Depression, CRQ scores | Low |
Qian et al. [26] | Australia | Hospital | Pre-Post study | COPD patients with refractory breathlessness despite optimal disease‐directed care, with a mMRC score of 3–4 | Breathlessness pack (hand‐held fan, information leaflets and an individualized breathlessness plan) Where applicable, this plan included details regarding the correct use of domiciliary oxygen therapy and/or opioids for breathlessness | None | Dyspnea Severity (mMRC), Quality of life, Qualitative Interviews | High |
El-Gendy, [25] | Saudi Arabia | Hospital | Pre-Post study | Male adult COPD patients diagnosed and identified as GOLD stage II and III who were clinically stable | Educational program, using videos and brochures adapted from Saudi guidelines for the diagnosis and management of COPD | None | Dyspnea Severity (not mMRC) | High |
Apps et al. [27] | UK | Primary Care/General Practice Clinic | Pre-Post study | COPD patients with a FEV1/FVC ratio of < 70% and mMRC score of 2–5 | COPD manual (176 pages) comprising of an exercise program, education topics with goal-setting text, case studies for peer modelling, and activities to encourage problem solving and support behaviour change | None | Dyspnea Severity (not mMRC) | High |