Table 1 Comparisons of clinical characteristics and outcomes among elderly SCAP patients
Variables | Total (n = 2365) | nonCVD-SCAP (n = 1952) | CVD-SCAP (n = 413) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Age (years old) | 75.30 (75.01–75.60) | 75.09 (74.77–75.41) | 76.31 (75.59–77.03) | 0.002 |
 Male, n (%) | 1529 (64.7) | 1266 (64.9) | 263 (63.7) | 0.650 |
Treatment | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 IMV, n (%) | 2343 (99.1) | 1935 (99.1) | 408 (98.8) | 0.513 |
 Vasopressor, n (%) | 1432 (60.5) | 1139 (58.4) | 293 (70.9) | 0.000 |
Primary symptoms | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Fever, n (%) | 506 (21.4) | 418 (21.4) | 88 (21.3) | 0.962 |
 Cough, n (%) | 736 (31.1) | 538 (27.6) | 198 (47.9) | 0.000 |
 Sputum, n (%) | 276 (11.7) | 216 (11.1) | 60 (14.5) | 0.046 |
 Dyspnea, n (%) | 420 (17.8) | 336 (17.2) | 84 (20.3) | 0.131 |
 Insanity, n (%) | 32 (1.4) | 26 (1.3) | 6 (1.5) | 0.847 |
 Chest pain, n (%) | 50 (2.1) | 36 (1.8) | 14 (3.3) | 0.047 |
Comorbidities | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Cancer, n (%) | 428 (18.1) | 368 (18.9) | 60 (14.5) | 0.038 |
 Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 392 (16.6) | 260 (13.3) | 132 (32.0) | 0.000 |
 Dementia (%) | 37 (1.6) | 22 (1.1) | 15 (3.6) | 0.000 |
 Chronic hepatic diseases (%) | 65 (2.7) | 54 (2.8) | 11 (2.7) | 0.907 |
 Chronic renal diseases (%) | 175 (7.4) | 113 (5.8) | 62 (15.0) | 0.000 |
 Chronic pulmonary diseases (%) | 613 (25.9) | 454 (23.3) | 159 (38.5) | 0.000 |
Vital signs on admission | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Respiratory rate (breath/min) | 19 (14–23) | 18 (14–23) | 19 (14–24) | 0.297 |
 Heart rate (beat/min) | 94 (78–110) | 93 (78–110) | 97 (80.5–112) | 0.006 |
 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 131 (110–149) | 131 (111–150) | 129 (110–147) | 0.043 |
 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70 (59–81) | 70 (59–81) | 70 (59–81) | 0.577 |
 Temperature (°C) | 36.5 (36.3–37.0) | 36.5 (36.3–37.0) | 36.5 (36.2–37.0) | 0.215 |
 SPO2 (%) | 100 (98–100) | 100 (98–100) | 100 (97–100) | 0.361 |
 PaO2/FIO2 | 183.11 (122–241.14) | 186.37 (126.13–242.06) | 169 (106.58–223.25) | 0.013 |
Laboratory examinations | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 White blood cell (× 109/L) | 9.57 (6.58–13.37) | 9.49 (6.51–13.22) | 10.09 (6.84–14.15) | 0.063 |
 Monocyte (× 109/L) | 0.43 (0.27–0.62) | 0.43 (0.27–0.62) | 0.44 (0.24–0.63) | 0.949 |
 Neutrophil (× 109/L) | 7.87 (4.91–11.53) | 7.69 (4.8725–11.33) | 8.47 (5.13–12.59) | 0.015 |
 Lymphocyte (× 109/L) | 0.83 (0.53–1.24) | 0.85 (0.54–1.25) | 0.78 (0.48–1.16) | 0.026 |
 Platelet (× 109/L) | 165 (106–237) | 165 (108–239) | 165 (95–230.5) | 0.203 |
 Hemoglobin (g/L) | 108 (89–127) | 108 (89–127) | 109 (88–126) | 0.919 |
 Albumin (g/L) | 32.2 (28.2–37.5) | 32.4 (28.5–37.6) | 31.2 (27.3–37.05) | 0.005 |
 Globulin (g/L) | 25.4 (21.7–29.0) | 25.4 (21.83–28.9) | 25.3 (21.5–29.2) | 0.679 |
 ALT (IU/L) | 20 (12–37) | 19.5 (12–36) | 20 (13–39) | 0.433 |
 AST (IU/L) | 27 (19–47) | 27 (19–47) | 29 (20–48.5) | 0.243 |
 Total bilirubin (µmol/L) | 5.3 (3.5–8.4) | 5.3 (3.5–8.38) | 5.2 (3.5–8.4) | 0.977 |
 Direct bilirubin (µmol/L) | 11.2 (7.8–16.55) | 11.3 (7.8–16.58) | 10.8 (7.9–16.6) | 0.565 |
 APTT (s) | 32.3 (27.9–38.9) | 32.15 (27.9–38.4) | 33.3 (28.2–40.85) | 0.078 |
 PT (s) | 12.9 (11.8–14.4) | 12.9 (11.9–14.4) | 13.1 (11.8–14.6) | 0.591 |
 Fibrinogen (g/L) | 3.53 (2.64–4.61) | 3.53 (2.63–4.61) | 3.58 (2.72–4.62) | 0.531 |
 D-dimer (mg/L) | 4.19 (2.23–9.05) | 4.19 (2.20–8.98) | 4.19 (2.37–9.35) | 0.304 |
 Creatinine (µmol/L) | 75 (56.85–109) | 75 (56–109) | 78 (58–112) | 0.156 |
 Uric acid (µmol/L) | 243 (152.9–346.65) | 241.7 (153.775–340.53) | 248 (149.9–364) | 0.36 |
 Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) | 1.5 (1.1–2) | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 0.109 |
 Troponin T (ng/mL) | 27.9 (19.95–68.8) | 27.45 (19.6–67.25) | 30.4 (21.45–81.65) | 0.023 |
 BNP (pg/mL) | 1078 (553.5–3939.5) | 1037.5 (524.5–3842.5) | 1195 (691.5–4661) | 0.048 |
 BUN (mg/dL) | 7.63 (5.36–12.2) | 7.60 (5.3–12.00) | 7.77 (5.7–13) | 0.077 |
 Glucose (mmol/L) | 7.12 (5.88–9.59) | 7.09 (5.86–9.53) | 7.34 (5.99–9.94) | 0.318 |
 CRP (mg/L) | 63.45 (27.55–105) | 63.45 (27.03–104) | 63.45 (30.85–107.50) | 0.431 |
 PCT (ng/mL) | 0.33 (0.15–1.10) | 0.33 (0.14–1.05) | 0.33 (0.18–1.34) | 0.063 |
Major adverse cardiovascular events | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 48 (2.0) | 32 (1.6) | 16 (3.9) | 0.003 |
 Arrhythmia, n (%) | 250 (10.6) | 197 (10.1) | 53 (12.8) | 0.100 |
 Cardiac failure, n (%) | 120 (5.1) | 99 (5.1) | 21 (5.1) | 0.991 |
 Stroke, n (%) | 143 (6.0) | 114 (5.8) | 29 (7.0) | 0.360 |
Prognosis | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 7-day mortality, n (%) | 164 (6.9) | 114 (5.8) | 50 (12.1) | 0.000 |
 14-day mortality, n (%) | 323 (13.7) | 235 (12.0) | 88 (21.3) | 0.000 |
 28-day mortality, n (%) | 633 (26.8) | 461 (23.6) | 172 (41.6) | 0.000 |
 ICU mortality, n (%) | 755 (31.9) | 560 (28.7) | 195 (47.2) | 0.000 |
 In hospital mortality, n (%) | 880 (37.2) | 660 (33.8) | 220 (53.3) | 0.000 |