Table 3 Incidence rates, hazard ratio and confidence intervals of diaphragmatic hernia in different stratification
From: Risk of diaphragmatic hernia in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax
Variables | Matched cohort | Pneumothorax | HR | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 46,897 | n = 46,897 | Crude | p value | Adjusted | p value | |||||
Event | Person years | IR | Event | Person years | IR | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | |||
Age at baseline | ||||||||||
< 40 | 10 | 110,528 | 0.90 | 14 | 106,107 | 1.32 | 1.46 (0.65–3.29) | 0.360 | 1.51 (0.67–3.41) | 0.318 |
40–64 | 13 | 69,029 | 1.88 | 18 | 39,739 | 4.53 | 2.39 (1.17–4.89) | 0.017 | 2.61 (1.27–5.36) | 0.009 |
≥ 65 | 97 | 104,241 | 9.31 | 66 | 36,345 | 18.16 | 1.85 (1.34–2.53) | < 0.001 | 1.97 (1.43–2.71) | < 0.001 |
Gender | ||||||||||
Female | 24 | 58,723 | 4.09 | 14 | 33,679 | 4.16 | 1.00 (0.52–1.93) | 0.997 | 1.75 (0.89–3.46) | 0.105 |
Male | 96 | 225,076 | 4.27 | 84 | 148,512 | 5.66 | 1.30 (0.97–1.74) | 0.081 | 2.11 (1.56–2.85) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidity | ||||||||||
Hypertension | 51 | 50,045 | 10.19 | 32 | 15,815 | 20.23 | 1.89 (1.20–2.97) | 0.006 | 2.05 (1.30–3.23) | 0.002 |
Diabetes mellitus | 22 | 26,633 | 8.26 | 18 | 8852 | 20.33 | 2.43 (1.29–4.56) | 0.006 | 2.58 (1.37–4.86) | 0.004 |
Hyperlipidemia | 4 | 9431 | 4.24 | 4 | 3614 | 11.07 | 2.78 (0.69–11.26) | 0.151 | 3.21 (0.78–13.24) | 0.107 |
Smoking related diseases | 76 | 66,553 | 11.42 | 46 | 22,646 | 20.31 | 1.71 (1.18–2.48) | 0.005 | 1.86 (1.28–2.71) | 0.001 |