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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the propensity score–matched study cohorts

From: Patients with allergic asthma have lower risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes than patients with nonallergic asthma

Baseline measure, n (%) unless stated

Nonallergic asthma (n = 1578)

Allergic asthma (n = 1578)

P value

Age (years), mean (SD)

45.8 (19.7)

46.2 (18.9)

0.4366

Female

1067 (67.6)

1061 (67.2)

0.8197

Race

  

0.9111

  Black

352 (22.3)

353 (22.4)

 

  Asian

36 (2.3)

35 (2.2)

  White

948 (60.1)

962 (61.0)

  Other/unknown

242 (15.3)

228 (14.4)

Ethnicity

  

0.6903

  Hispanic

235 (14.9)

221 (14.0)

 

  Not Hispanic

1219 (77.3)

1239 (78.5)

  Unknown

124 (7.9)

118 (7.5)

Region

  

0.6631

  Midwest

726 (46.0)

759 (48.1)

 

  Northeast

563 (35.7)

523 (33.1)

  Other/unknown

39 (2.5)

38 (2.4)

  South

170 (10.8)

173 (11.0)

  West

80 (5.1)

85 (5.4)

Asthma severity (within 360 days before or on index)

  

0.0001

  Moderate

610 (38.7)

620 (39.3)

 

  Severe

321 (20.3)

407 (25.8)

  No moderate or severe asthmaa

647 (41.0)

551 (34.9)

Absolute blood eosinophils (× 103/µL), mean (SD)

0.17 (0.24)

0.19 (0.22)

0.0001

Smoking status

  

0.892

  Current smoker

92 (5.8)

96 (6.1)

 

  Never smoked

941 (59.6)

945 (59.9)

  Previously smoked

422 (26.7)

425 (26.9)

  Unknown

123 (7.8)

112 (7.1)

Charlson Comorbidity Index score, mean (SD)

2.8 (2.9)

2.8 (2.9)

0.5528

Comorbidities and clinical risk factors for severe COVID-19 illness

  Hypertension

634 (40.2)

642 (40.7)

0.7717

  Obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2)

486 (30.8)

490 (31.1)

0.8776

  Type 2 diabetes mellitus

316 (20.0)

328 (20.8)

0.5961

  Cardiovascular disease

241 (15.3)

227 (14.4)

0.4832

  Cerebrovascular disease

63 (4.0)

59 (3.7)

0.7119

  Chronic kidney disease

112 (7.1)

94 (6.0)

0.1946

  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

361 (22.9)

373 (23.6)

0.6131

  Interstitial lung disease

126 (8.0)

152 (9.6)

0.1025

  Primary cancer

64 (4.1)

63 (4.0)

0.9278

  Metastatic cancer

9 (0.6)

9 (0.6)

1.0000

  Immunocompromised

48 (3.0)

46 (2.9)

0.8341

  Pregnancy

40 (2.5)

36 (2.3)

0.6423

  Sickle cell disease

10 (0.6)

10 (0.6)

1.0000

Baseline medication use

  ICS, ICS-LABA, or LABA without LTRA

467 (29.6)

446 (28.3)

0.4097

  ICS, ICS-LABA, or LABA plus LTRA

723 (45.8)

750 (47.5)

0.3354

  Any oral corticosteroids

896 (56.8)

924 (58.6)

0.3131

  Theophylline

12 (0.8)

23 (1.5)

0.0615

  Tiotropium

11 (0.7)

25 (1.6)

0.0189

  Any biologic

45 (2.9)

250 (15.8)

 < 0.0001

  1. COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, ICS inhaled corticosteroids, LABA long-acting β-agonist, LTRA leukotriene receptor agonist
  2. a Not seen in the last year
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