Value of sputum Gram stain, sputum culture, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Gram stain in predicting single bacterial pathogen among children with community-acquired pneumonia

Table 2 Sensitivity, specificity, and kappa value of SGS (n = 171) ^a

	BALF culture n (%)	SGS n (%)	Sensitivity %(95% CI) ^b	Specificity %(95% CI)^b	Kappa value (95% CI) ^b
G+cocci	28(16.37)	74(43.27)	87(65–97)	-	-
G-cocci	9(5.26)	17(9.94)	56(23–85)	-	-
G+bacilli	0	2(1.17)	-	-	-
G-bacilli	17(9.94)	13(7.60)	50(23–78)	-	-
Mixed bacteria	0	41(23.98)	-	-	-
Negative	117(68.42)	24(14.04)	-	-	-
Total	171(100.00)	171(100.00)	70(55–83)	23(15–34)	0.199(0.107–0.292)

SGS Sputum Gram stain, BALF Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, CI Confidence interval, G+cocci Gram-positive cocci, G-cocci Gram-negative cocci, G+bacilli Gram-positive bacilli, G-bacilli Gram-negative bacilli
^a Reference standard is bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture
^b Calculation was performed after mixed bacteria cases were excluded

ISSN: 1471-2466