Table 1 Baseline characteristics and treatment profile of patients with NSCLC according to the development of CPA after lung resection
Variables | Total (n = 6777) | CPA (–) (n = 6684) | CPA (+) (n = 93) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline characteristics | ||||
Age, years | 63 (56–69) | 63 (56–70) | 63 (57–69) | 0.731 |
Sex, male | 4151 (61.3) | 4068 (60.9) | 83 (89.2) | < 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 23.9 (22.0–25.8) | 23.9 (22.0–25.8) | 22.5 (20.5–24.4) | < 0.001 |
Smoking status (n = 6775) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Never smoker | 2857 (42.2) | 2844 (42.6) | 13 (14.0) |  |
 Ex-smoker | 2117 (31.2) | 2077 (31.1) | 40 (43.0) |  |
 Current smoker | 1801 (26.6) | 1761 (26.4) | 40 (43.0) |  |
  Pack-years (n = 3868) | 30 (20–45) | 30 (20–45) | 40 (30–60) | 0.003 |
Comorbidity | ||||
 Underlying pulmonary disease | ||||
  COPD/Asthma | 1864 (27.5) | 1822 (27.3) | 42 (45.2) | < 0.001 |
  Previous history of PTB | 754 (11.1) | 739 (11.1) | 15 (16.1) | 0.133 |
  Interstitial lung disease | 77 (1.1) | 73 (1.1) | 4 (4.3) | 0.021 |
 DM | 1074 (15.8) | 1059 (15.8) | 15 (16.1) | 0.940 |
 Previous history of malignancy | 939 (13.9) | 926 (13.9) | 13 (14.0) | 0.972 |
 Chronic heart disease | 474 (7.0) | 470 (7.0) | 4 (4.3) | 0.305 |
 Cerebrovascular disease | 388 (5.7) | 384 (5.7) | 4 (4.3) | 0.552 |
 Chronic renal disease | 95 (1.4) | 95 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.643 |
Clinical stage at diagnosis |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Stage I | 4678 (69.0) | 4644 (69.5) | 34 (36.6) |  |
 Stage II | 1176 (17.4) | 1159 (17.3) | 17 (18.3) |  |
 Stage III | 858 (12.7) | 817 (12.2) | 41 (44.1) |  |
 Stage IV | 65 (1.0) | 64 (1.0) | 1 (1.1) |  |
Tumor histology |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Adenocarcinoma | 4780 (70.5) | 4734 (70.8) | 46 (49.5) |  |
 Squamous cell carcinoma | 1588 (23.4) | 1552 (23.2) | 36 (38.7) |  |
 Othersa | 409 (6.0) | 398 (6.0) | 11 (11.8) |  |
Lobar location of cancer | Â | Â | Â | 0.516 |
 Right | 3940 (58.1) | 3889 (58.2) | 51 (54.8) |  |
 Left | 2837 (41.9) | 2795 (41.8) | 42 (45.2) |  |
Treatment profile for NSCLC | ||||
Neoadjuvant treatment |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No | 6130 (90.5) | 6070 (90.8) | 60 (64.5) |  |
 Yes | 647 (9.5) | 614 (9.2) | 33 (35.5) |  |
  CCRT | 561 (8.3) | 530 (7.9) | 31 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
  Chemotherapy | 79 (1.2) | 77 (1.2) | 2 (2.2) | 0.296 |
  Radiotherapy | 7 (0.1) | 7 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | > 0.999 |
Surgical approach |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 VATS | 4229 (62.4) | 4210 (63.0) | 19 (20.4) |  |
 Thoracotomy | 2548 (37.6) | 2474 (37.0) | 74 (79.6) |  |
Types of surgical resection |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Sublobar resection | 1126 (16.6) | 1120 (16.8) | 6 (6.5) |  |
 Lobectomy | 5158 (76.1) | 5083 (76.0) | 75 (80.6) |  |
 Bilobectomy | 262 (3.9) | 251 (3.8) | 11 (11.8) |  |
 Pneumonectomy | 231 (3.4) | 230 (3.4) | 1 (1.1) |  |
Pathologic stage (n = 6712b) |  |  |  | 0.004 |
 Stage I | 4327 (64.5) | 4286 (64.7) | 41 (47.1) |  |
 Stage II | 1256 (18.7) | 1235 (18.6) | 21 (24.1) |  |
 Stage III | 1052 (15.7) | 1028 (15.5) | 24 (27.6) |  |
 Stage IV | 77 (1.1) | 76 (1.1) | 1 (1.1) |  |
Postoperative pulmonary complication within 30 days c | 1161 (17.1) | 1129 (16.9) | 32 (34.4) | < 0.001 |
Adjuvant treatment (n = 6727 d) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No | 4882 (72.6) | 4834 (72.9) | 48 (51.6) |  |
 Yes | 1845 (27.4) | 1800 (27.1) | 45 (48.4) |  |
  CCRT | 339 (5.0) | 328 (4.9) | 11 (11.8) | 0.007 |
  Chemotherapy | 1184 (17.6) | 1164 (17.5) | 20 (21.5) | 0.319 |
  Radiotherapy | 322 (4.8) | 308 (4.6) | 14 (15.1) | < 0.001 |