Table 1 Case reports of spherical pneumonia
From: Spherical pneumonia caused by Ralstonia mannitolilytica: a case report and literature review
| Â | References | Author and year of publication | Age of the patient | Sex | Clinical presentation | Pathogens | Size and location | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | [1] | Köhne et al. (2012) | 55 yo | Male | Fever, cough, tachypneic | Not available | A homogeneous mass in the left mid-lung zone is observed (left upper) | A 14-day course of ceftriaxone | The consolidation resolved on follow-up CT scan after two weeks |
2 | [2] | Gupta et al. (2019) | 29 yo | Female | Fever, cough, breathlessness, right pleuritic chest pain | Not available | A 5.6 × 4.9 × 5.6 cm round mass-like opacity in the right upper lobe | Broad-spectrum antibiotics 14 days | Resolution of the lung mass |
3 | [3] | Camargo et al. (2008) | 57 yo | Female | No complaints | Not available | A chest radiograph displayed a right lower-lobe mass | Not available | The process had resolved |
4 | [5] | Madhavan et al. (2014) | 16 yo | Male | Fever, cough, tachypnoeic | Not available | A rounded opacity in the right upper zone with well-defined margin | Cefotaxime and azithromycin | Good clearance of the lesion |
5 | [6] | Liu et al. (2014) | 7 yo | Male | Fever, dry cough, abdominalgia, decreased appetite, vomit, diarrhea | Streptococcus pneumoniae | A round-shaped opacity with clear margins in the left lower lobe and the retrocardiac region, 5.9 × 5.6 × 4.3 cm in size | Amoxicillin/clavulanate and azithromycin for 4 days,then cefibute and azithromycinv for 10 days | Complete resolution of the left lower lobe lesion |
6 | [8] | Shie et al. (2007) | 75 yo | Male | Fever and intermittent hemoptysis | Streptococcus viridans | A 3-cm-diameter mass with irregular margins in the lingula abutting the pleura | A course of intravenous antibiotics | Resolution of the chest finding |
7 | [10] | Su et al. (2015) | 25 yo | Male | Right anterior chest wall pain | Streptococcus pneumoniae | A 25Â mm opacification over right upper lobe | Amoxicillin-clavulanate for 14Â days | Regression of air-space opacification over right upper lobe |
8 | [11] | Harvey et al. (2014) | 70 yo | Female | Fever, breathlessness, productive cough, tachypnoeic, hypoxaemic | Not available | A 60Â mm mass in the right upper lobe | A course of co-amoxiclav and clarithromycin | Symptom and the right upper lobe abnormality resolution |
9 | [12] | AlOmran et al. (2021) | 10 yo | Female | Fever, dry cough, decreased appetite | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 2 well demarcated homogeneous lesions in the right upper and lower lobes | Penicillin and gentamicin for 3Â days, then amoxicillin for 7Â days | Resolving round opacities with complete resolution |
10 | [13] | Jiménez-Castillo et al. (2021) | 64 yo | Male | Cough, exertional dyspnea | E. hormaechei | A round opacity in the right upper lobe | Ceftriaxone,clarithromycin, levofloxacin, imipenem/cilastatin | Died of septic shock |
11 | [14] | Yoshimura et al. (2015) | 43 yo | Male | Fever, fatigue, headache | Rickettsia typhi | A nodular lesion and pleural effusion in the right lower lobe | Minocycline | Symptoms improved, lesions in the lung were diminished |
12 | [15] | Koinuma et al. (2019) | 6 yo | Male | Fever, cough | C. pneumoniae | 2 round opacities in the right lower lung field | Clarithromycin for 10Â days | The gradual resolution of round pneumonia |
13 | [16] | Mahmood et al. (2014) | 74 yo | Female | Dry cough, breathlessness | Pneumococcal | Rround consolidation with air bronchogram in the right lower lobe | Antibiotic therapy | Near-complete resolution of round consolidation |
14 | [17] | An et al. (2018) | 77 yo | Male | Bloody sputum, fever | K. pneumoniae | An irregular opacity with lobulated borders in the right upper lobe | Antibiotic therapy | Right upper lung lesion narrowed and absorbed |
15 | [18] | Cunha et al. (2013) | 50 yo | Male | Cough, fever, malaise, myalgias, breathlessness | Not available | A round opacity in the right upper lobe | Doxycycline for 6Â weeks | Near complete resolution of round pneumonia |
16 | [19] | Çimen et al. (2015) | 46 yo | Male | Cough, sputum, pain in left lower chest | Streptococcus pneumoniae | A 3 cm round homogeneous opacity in the left lower lung field | Moxifloxacin for 2 weeks | Biochemical parameters regressed and ABG came within the normal range. CXR showed complete resolution of the lingular RP |
17 | [19] | Çimen et al. (2015) | 20 yo | Male | Cough, sputum and right flank pain | Not available | A 32 × 13 mm pleural-based consolidation, in the laterobasal and posterobasal segments of the right lower lobes, with air bronchograms | Levofloxacin | CT scan of thorax revealed regression of consolidation |
18 | [20] | Celebi et al. (2008) | 4 mo | Male | Cough, tachypneic, tachycardic and febrile(fever) | Not available | A round homogenous lesion in the right upper lobe | Cefuroxime plus clindamycin for 1Â week | The round lesion and infiltrate cleared radiographically within seven days |
19 | [20] | Celebi et al. (2008) | 6 yo | Male | Fever and left upper abdominal pain | Not available | A 3Â cm round lesion in the left upper lobe | A 14-day course of cefuroxime | A rapid resolution of clinical and radiographic findings |
20 | [20] | Celebi et al. (2008) | 2 yo | Female | Tachypneic, tachycardic and febrile | Not available | A 3Â cm round homogenous lesion in the right upper lobe | Cefuroxime plus clindamycin | Symptoms improved rapidly |
21 | [20] | Celebi et al. (2008) | 7 yo | male | Fever and vomiting | Not available | A homogenous, smoothly marginated, 3Â cm round lesion in the right upper lobe | Ampicillin-sulbactam | Clinical condition was improved The lesion had cleared almost totally |
22 | [21] | Jardim et al. (2003) | 57 yo | Male | Cough, yellow phlegm, fever | Not available | A round homogenous lesion in the left upper lobe | Clarithromycin | Resolution of the lung mass |
23 | [22] | Núñez Viejo et al. (2010) | 56 yo | Female | Cough, fever, chest pain | Streptococcus pneumoniae | Multiple pulmonary nodules | Levofloxacin | Symptoms improved and regression of nodules |
24 | [23] | Jiménez-Castillo et al. (2019) | 40 yo | Male | Fatigue, fever, intermittent episodes of mild headache, dyspnea, dry cough | Pulmonary pneumocystis infection | A focal rounded opacification at the lower lobe of the left lung | Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole | The round lesion was not present after 4 days |
25 | [24] | Velasco-Tirado et al. (2012) | 58 yo | Male | Fever, chills, oppressive headache and diffuse abdominal pain | R. typhi | A nodule of 2Â cm in upper right lobe with adjacent pneumonitis | Doxycycline | Symptoms improved, lesions in the lung were diminished |
26 | [24] | Velasco-Tirado et al. (2012) | 20 yo | Male | Fever, dry cough, arthralgias, myalgias, headache, sweating and vomiting,macular rash | R. typhi | A nodular lesion in middle lobe | Doxycycline | A CR obtained 14Â days after diagnosis was normal |
27 | [25] | Kara et al. (2010) | 26 yo | Female | Fever and myalgia | Not available | A spherical pattern with a homogeneous 4.5 × 4.5 cm diameter opacification on the right middle lobe | Clarithromycin for 10 days | Symptom-free |
28 | [26] | Violante-Cumpa et al. (2019) | 44 yo | Female | Asthenia, adynamia, dyspnea and orthopnea | Not available | A round opacity with an air bronchogram in the superior lobe of the left lung with measurements of 8.6 × 5.6 cm | Ceftriaxone and clarithromycin for 7 days | Clinical improvement |
29 | [27] | Durning et al. (2003) | 58 yo | Female | Cough, fever, dyspnea, and vague left upper abdominal pain | Not available | A 4Â cm round mass in the left lower lobe | A 14-day course of levofloxacin | A rapid resolution of clinical and radiographic findings |