Fig. 4

Clinical outcome of bacterial respiratory infection with COVID-19. a Proportions of deaths in bacterial co-infection, secondary infection, and non-bacterial infection cases with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. b Forest plot of adjusted odds (aOdds) ratio via multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors of comorbidities associated with death in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with bacterial infections. BMI, body mass index. c Forest plot of aOdds ratios via multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors of critical care category associated with death in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with bacterial infections. IMV, invasive mechanical ventilation; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome