Table 1 Participant Characteristics (Negative for Lung Cancer, atypical cells, plural tumor, bronchiectasis)
Category, n (%) | Overall (N = 151) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Malignant Nodules (n = 112) | Benign Nodules (n = 39) | ||
Sample n/N, % | 74.2 | 25.8 | Â N/A |
Gender | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 52 (46.4) | 17 (43.6) | 0.8525* |
 Female | 60 (53.6) | 22 (56.4) |  |
Age, Median (Range), y | 70.0 (40.0) | 71.0 (45.0) | 0.7838†|
Smoking Status | Â | Â | Â |
Current | 18 (16.1) | 6 (15.4) | 0.9115§ |
 Former | 70 (62.5) | 26 (66.7) |  |
 Never | 23 (20.5) | 7 (17.9) |  |
 Unknown | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0) |  |
Median Pack Years, y | 25.0 | 22.8 | 0.9083†|
Nodule Location | Â | Â | Â |
 Upper Lobe | 70 (62.5) | 25 (64.1) | 0.999 |
 Non-upper lobe | 42 (37.5) | 14 (35.9) |  |
Nodule Size | Â | Â | Â |
 <1 cm | 16 (14.3) | 13 (33.3) | 0.0654§ |
 1 cm to <2 cm | 41 (36.6) | 13 (33.3) |  |
 2 cm to <3 cm | 32 (28.6) | 7 (18.0) |  |
 ≥3 cm | 23 (20.5) | 6 (15.4) |  |
Malignant Lesion Type | Â | Â | Â |
 Adenocarcinoma | 73 (65.2) | - |  |
 Squamous Cell Carcinoma | 17 (15.2) | - |  |
 Small Cell and Neuroendocrine | 17 (15.2) | - |  |
 Other | 5 (4.6) | - |  |
Cancer Stage | Â | Â | Â |
 I | 76 (67.9) | - |  |
 II | 16 (14.2) | - |  |
 III | 7 (6.3) | - |  |
 IV | 8 (7.1) | - |  |
 Unknown | 5 (4.5) | - |  |
Benign Lesion Type | Â | Â | Â |
 Infectious Etiology | - | 8 (20.5) |  |
 Non-infectious Inflammation | - | 5 (12.8) |  |
 Hamartoma | - | 3 (7.7) |  |
 Scar | - | 3 (7.7) |  |
 Decrease in nodule size | - | 4 (10.3) |  |
 Other** | - | 16 (41.0) |  |
Risk Stratification Based on Mayo Clinic Model |  |  | 0.0883§ |
 Low Risk (< 5%) | 17 (15.2) | 3 (7.7) |  |
 Intermediate Risk (5-65%) | 74 (66.1) | 33 (84.6) |  |
 High Risk (> 65%) | 21 (18.7) | 3 (7.7) |  |