Fig. 1

Predictors’ selection using LASSO regression method. A LASSO coefficient profiles of the 12 variables. The coefficient profile plot was produced against the log (λ) sequence. B The best penalty coefficient lambda was selected using a tenfold cross-validation and minimization criterion. By verifying the optimal parameter (λ) in the LASSO model, the binomial deviance curve was plotted versus log(λ) and dotted vertical lines were drawn based on 1 standard error criteria. 4 variables were selected based on 1 standard error