Table 4 Diagnostic yield at index and at 12 months in subgroups of interest
Predictor | Index Diagnostic Yielda | P-Value | 12-month Diagnostic Yielda | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Operator and study site detail | ||||
Operator specialty | ||||
Interventional pulmonologist | 189/226 (83.6%) | 0.0742 | 172/219 (78.5%) | 0.4250 |
Thoracic surgeon | 36/38 (94.7%) | 32/38 (84.2%) | ||
≤ 5th case for operator | ||||
No | 206/242 (85.1%) | 0.8753 | 187/235 (79.6%) | 0.7986 |
Yes | 19/22 (86.4%) | 17/22 (77.3%) | ||
Setting | ||||
Inpatient | 16/17 (94.1%) | 0.2855 | 15/17 (88.2%) | 0.3503 |
Outpatient | 209/247 (84.6%) | 189/240 (78.8%) | ||
Patient Characteristics | ||||
Age ≥ 65 | ||||
No | 78/86 (90.7%) | 0.0817 | 68/82 (82.9%) | 0.3357 |
Yes | 147/178 (82.6%) | 136/175 (77.7%) | ||
Sex | ||||
Female | 123/150 (82.0%) | 0.0900 | 116/148 (78.4%) | 0.6446 |
Male | 102/114 (89.5%) | 88/109 (80.7%) | ||
Smoking status | ||||
Current smoker | 58/72 (80.6%) | 0.4870 | 53/70 (75.7%) | 0.6697 |
Never smoked | 58/65 (89.2%) | 53/64 (82.8%) | ||
Prior smoker | 107/125 (85.6%) | 96/121 (79.3%) | ||
Unknown/missing | 2/2 (100%) | 2/2 (100%) | ||
Emphysema | ||||
No | 130/150 (86.7%) | 0.4496 | 119/148 (80.4%) | 0.6351 |
Yes | 95/114 (83.3%) | 85/109 (78.0%) | ||
COPD | ||||
No | 109/128 (85.2%) | 0.9748 | 101/127 (79.5%) | 0.9531 |
Yes | 116/136 (85.3%) | 103/130 (79.2%) | ||
Pre-procedure probability of malignancyb ≥ 65% | ||||
No | 104/131 (79.4%) | 0.0052 | 91/127 (71.7%) | 0.0023 |
Yes | 112/122 (91.8%) | 104/119 (87.4%) | ||
Lesion detail | ||||
Primary lesion solidity | ||||
Pure ground glass | 8/13 (61.5%) | 0.0341 | 8/13 (61.5%) | 0.1659 |
Semi-solid | 38/46 (82.6%) | 33/44 (75.0%) | ||
Solid | 179/205 (87.3%) | 163/200 (81.5%) | ||
Primary lesion location | ||||
Proximal third | 22/27 (81.5%) | 0.6910 | 20/27 (74.1%) | 0.7278 |
Middle | 71/81 (87.7%) | 65/80 (81.3%) | ||
Peripheral (outer third of the lung) | 131/155 (84.5%) | 118/149 (79.2%) | ||
Primary lesion lobe location | ||||
Left lower lobe | 29/34 (85.3%) | 0.9847 | 22/32 (68.8%) | 0.4541 |
Left upper lobe | 66/79 (83.5%) | 59/76 (77.6%) | ||
Right lower lobe | 45/52 (86.5%) | 42/51 (82.4%) | ||
Right middle lobe | 15/17 (88.2%) | 15/17 (88.2%) | ||
Right upper lobe | 70/82 (85.4%) | 66/81 (81.5%) | ||
Primary lesion bronchus sign | ||||
No | 148/181 (81.8%) | 0.0296 | 132/174 (75.9%) | 0.0707 |
Yes | 72/78 (92.3%) | 67/78 (85.9%) | ||
Distance from lesion to pleura, mm | ||||
0 | 48/57 (84.2%) | 0.9298 | 45/56 (80.4%) | 0.7559 |
< 10 | 31/36 (86.1%) | 28/34 (82.4%) | ||
≥ 10 | 101/117 (86.3%) | 87/113 (77.0%) | ||
Primary lesion sizec < 20 mm | ||||
No | 114/127 (89.8%) | 0.0455 | 107/125 (85.6%) | 0.0164 |
Yes | 111/137 (81.0%) | 97/132 (73.5%) | ||
Procedural details | ||||
Biopsy of multiple lesions | ||||
No | 183/221 (82.8%) | 0.0119 | 164/214 (76.6%) | 0.0154 |
Yes | 42/43 (97.7%) | 40/43 (93.0%) | ||
R-EBUS image type | ||||
Concentric | 71/79 (89.9%) | 0.2455 | 67/79 (84.8%) | 0.2417 |
Eccentric | 72/86 (83.7%) | 66/85 (77.6%) | ||
ROSE used | ||||
No | 82/92 (89.1%) | 0.1912 | 72/91 (79.1%) | 0.9400 |
Yes | 143/172 (83.1%) | 132/166 (79.5%) | ||
Monarch Platform software version | ||||
2.1.3 | 49/55 (89.1%) | 0.8132 | 43/54 (79.6%) | 0.9816 |
2.1.4 | 45/53 (84.9%) | 40/51 (78.4%) | ||
2.1.5 | 62/73 (84.9%) | 54/69 (78.3%) | ||
2.1.6 | 69/83 (83.1%) | 67/83 (80.7%) | ||
Biopsy forceps used | ||||
No | 62/77 (80.5%) | 0.1666 | 57/75 (76.0%) | 0.3903 |
Yes | 163/187 (87.2%) | 147/182 (80.8%) | ||
Cytology brush used | ||||
No | 184/219 (84.0%) | 0.2220 | 165/212 (77.8%) | 0.1833 |
Yes | 41/45 (91.1%) | 39/45 (86.7%) | ||
Aspiration needle used | ||||
No | 7/9 (77.8%) | 0.5216 | 6/9 (66.7%) | 0.3373 |
Yes | 218/255 (85.5%) | 198/248 (79.8%) | ||