Fig. 4

Nrf2 KO partially counteracted the TMP-mediated lung protective effects in LPS-induced lung injury in mice. A The representative histopathological changes (HE staining) of the lung (original magnification × 200). Scale bar: 100 μm. B The lung injury scores were evaluated by two blinded pathologists to determine the degree of lung injury. C The lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio. D-F Proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in the serum were detected using ELISA. G-H GSH and GSSG levels were detected using T-GSH/GSSG assay kit. I The GSH/GSSG ratio. Data for the bar graphs are presented as mean ± SEM, and multiple comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni coefficient (n =  6/group). ns = no statistical difference, ^* P < 0.05, ^** P < 0.01, ^*** P < 0.001. ANOVA: analysis of variance; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; GSH: glutathione; GSSG: oxidized glutathione; HE: hematoxylin and eosin; KO: knockout; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; Nrf2: nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2; TMP: tetramethylpyrazine; WT: wild-type