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Table 1 Baseline characteristic before and after propensity score matching

From: Evaluation of the use of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone in asthma critically ill patients with COVID-19: a multicenter cohort study

 

Before propensity score (PS)

After propensity score (PS)

 

Overall (N = 105)

DEX

(N = 75)

mPRED

(N = 30)

P-value

Overall (N = 48)

DEX

(N = 24)

mPRED

(N = 24)

P-value

Age (Years), Mean (SD)

64.1 (14.02)

65.9 (13.84)

59.8 (13.73)

0.0462*

60.5 (13.56)

60.9 (13.84)

60.0 (13.55)

0.8177*

Gender – Male, n (%)

39 ( 37.9)

29 ( 39.7)

10 ( 33.3)

0.5434^^

22 ( 45.8)

15 ( 62.5)

7 ( 29.2)

0.0205^^

BMI, Median (Q1,Q3)

31.8 (28.76, 37.75)

31.5 (28.73, 37.63)

32.6 (29.39, 37.75)

0.8970^

31.2 (28.37, 37.75)

30.4 (27.58, 39.32)

31.8 (29.43, 35.51)

0.9830^

APACHE II score, Median (Q1,Q3)

12.0 (9.00, 19.00)

12.0 (9.00, 19.00)

12.0 (7.00, 18.00)

0.5583^

12.0 (9.50, 16.00)

11.5 (9.00, 13.00)

12.0 (10.00, 17.50)

0.5765^

SOFA score, Median (Q1,Q3)

4.0 (2.00, 7.00)

4.0 (2.00, 7.00)

5.0 (2.00, 7.00)

0.6370^

4.5 (2.00, 7.00)

3.5 (1.50, 7.00)

5.0 (2.00, 6.50)

0.5059^

Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score, Median (Q1,Q3)

5.0 (4.00, 6.00)

5.0 (4.00, 6.00)

5.0 (3.00, 6.00)

0.9657^

5.0 (4.00, 6.00)

4.0 (4.00, 5.00)

5.0 (3.00, 6.00)

0.1313^

Early use of Tocilizumab within 24 h, n (%)

29 ( 27.9)

24 ( 32.4)

5 ( 16.7)

0.1043^^

9 ( 18.8)

5 ( 20.8)

4 ( 16.7)

0.7115**

Serum creatinine (mmol/L) baseline, Median (Q1,Q3)

72.0 (61.00, 97.00)

75.0 (63.00, 99.00)

69.0 (57.00, 87.00)

0.1376^

71.0 (59.00, 87.00)

75.0 (58.00, 92.00)

69.0 (59.00, 85.50)

0.5726^

Blood Urea nitrogen (BUN) baseline (mmol/L), Median (Q1,Q3)

5.7 (4.10, 8.30)

5.7 (4.25, 8.25)

5.7 (4.10, 9.90)

0.8170^

5.2 (4.05, 7.70)

4.7 (4.05, 7.45)

5.6 (4.05, 8.70)

0.6133^

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Within 24 h of ICU admission, n (%)

23 ( 22.1)

17 ( 23.0)

6 ( 20.0)

0.7407^^

9 ( 18.8)

4 ( 16.7)

5 ( 20.8)

0.7115**

Mechanical Ventilation within 24 h of ICU admission, n (%)

78 ( 75.0)

53 ( 71.6)

25 ( 83.3)

0.2114^^

39 ( 81.3)

19 ( 79.2)

20 ( 83.3)

0.7115**

A-A Gradient baseline, Mean (SD)

386.0 (173.85)

407.1 (164.39)

334.4 (188.40)

0.0547^

358.8 (172.19)

356.2 (160.50)

361.5 (187.21)

0.9179*

Oxygenation Index (OI) baseline, Mean (SD)

19.3 (20.19)

25.8 (26.71)

12.7 (7.23)

0.0757^

14.0 (7.66)

15.6 (4.99)

13.5 (8.54)

0.7574*

Inotropes/vasopressors use within 24 h of admission), n(%)

22 ( 21.6)

18 ( 25.0)

4 ( 13.3)

0.1918^^

9 ( 18.8)

6 ( 25.0)

3 ( 12.5)

0.2673**

Lactic acid baseline (mmol/l), Mean (SD)

1.8 (0.95)

1.8 (0.96)

1.8 (0.93)

0.7279^

1.7 (0.79)

1.8 (0.80)

1.6 (0.79)

0.5080*

Platelets count baseline (109/l), Median (Q1,Q3)

249.5 (202.00, 315.50)

255.0 (208.00, 324.00)

221.0 (190.00, 282.00)

0.0510^

222.0 (201.50, 289.00)

228.0 (205.00, 294.50)

221.0 (191.50, 286.00)

0.5498^

Total WBC baseline (109/l), Median (Q1,Q3)

8.7 (6.66, 11.85)

9.2 (6.83, 12.00)

8.1 (5.72, 10.40)

0.1618^

8.1 (5.86, 10.40)

8.8 (5.59, 10.70)

7.8 (5.86, 9.95)

0.5777^

International normalized ratio (INR), Median (Q1,Q3)

1.0 (0.99, 1.14)

1.0 (0.99, 1.08)

1.1 (1.00, 1.16)

0.0729^

1.1 (1.00, 1.15)

1.0 (1.00, 1.09)

1.1 (1.01, 1.16)

0.1318^

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) baseline (Seconds), Median (Q1,Q3)

28.9 (25.60, 31.50)

29.2 (25.60, 32.10)

28.0 (25.60, 31.30)

0.6397^

28.7 (25.60, 31.60)

29.9 (26.00, 32.30)

27.2 (25.10, 31.30)

0.3120^

Total bilirubin baseline (umol/l), Median (Q1,Q3)

7.9 (6.20, 11.60)

7.5 (6.00, 11.60)

9.1 (6.90, 11.40)

0.2844^

8.2 (6.80, 11.40)

8.2 (6.30, 12.40)

8.9 (6.90, 10.80)

0.9276^

Alanine transaminase (ALT) baseline (U/L), Median (Q1,Q3)

36.0 (23.00, 62.00)

41.5 (28.50, 75.00)

27.0 (17.00, 37.00)

0.0039^

29.0 (18.00, 45.00)

34.0 (21.00, 61.00)

25.5 (17.00, 38.50)

0.2848^

Aspartate transaminase (AST) baseline (U/L), Mean (SD)

147.8 (612.75)

139.0 (570.37)

167.7 (709.69)

0.0037^

45.8 (25.22)

52.6 (29.27)

40.0 (19.87)

0.0945*

Albumin baseline (gm/l), Mean (SD)

33.1 (4.20)

32.8 (4.24)

33.6 (4.12)

0.4312*

32.0 (3.45)

31.8 (3.67)

32.2 (3.26)

0.6613*

C-reactive protein (CRP) baseline (mg/l), Median (Q1,Q3)

116.0 (65.50, 172.00)

124.0 (75.33, 197.00)

77.7 (39.00, 138.00)

0.0377^

123.0 (66.00, 190.55)

144.0 (69.67, 226.00)

91.5 (53.50, 155.50)

0.1595^

D-dimer Level baseline (mg/l), Median (Q1,Q3)

1.1 (0.62, 2.42)

1.1 (0.62, 2.51)

1.1 (0.63, 1.85)

0.7959^

1.0 (0.59, 1.85)

0.9 (0.57, 2.25)

1.1 (0.60, 1.85)

0.7844^

Ferritin Level baseline (ug/l), Median (Q1,Q3)

421.2 (214.00, 831.40)

440.8 (219.20, 942.95)

399.6 (200.20, 709.10)

0.6360^

407.0 (196.80, 780.00)

425.0 (196.80, 820.10)

399.0 (200.20, 709.10)

0.8327^

Blood glucose level baseline (mmol/l), Median (Q1,Q3)

10.5 (7.20, 14.90)

10.2 (7.00, 13.40)

11.4 (7.35, 17.10)

0.1651^

11.4 (7.50, 16.60)

9.9 (6.35, 12.45)

15.5 (7.80, 18.70)

0.0294^

Lowest PaO2/FiO2 ratio within 24 h of admission, Median (Q1,Q3)

81.1 (63.00, 128.55)

75.1 (61.88, 104.50)

127.1 (71.00, 190.00)

0.0122^

93.8 (66.62, 164.00)

88.5 (63.45, 123.00)

104.2 (70.50, 165.40)

0.3911^

Lowest MAP baseline (mmHg), Median (Q1,Q3)

70.0 (63.17, 78.00)

69.0 (63.00, 75.50)

73.5 (64.17, 79.50)

0.3566^

72.0 (66.00, 78.00)

70.0 (66.50, 73.50)

74.0 (65.00, 80.00)

0.3708^

Pharmacological DVT prophylaxis use during ICU stay, n (%)

100 ( 97.1)

70 ( 95.9)

30 (100.0)

0.2598**

48 (100.0)

24 (100.0)

24 (100.0)

NC

Nephrotoxic drugs/material use during ICU stay, n (%)ab

97 ( 93.3)

68 ( 91.9)

29 ( 96.7)

0.3786**

44 ( 91.7)

21 ( 87.5)

23 ( 95.8)

0.2963**

Comorbidity, n (%)

        

Atrial fibrillation (A Fib)

4 ( 3.8)

3 ( 4.1)

1 ( 3.3)

0.8625**

1 ( 2.1)

0 ( 0.0)

1 ( 4.2)

0.3122**

Heart Failure

15 ( 14.4)

11 ( 14.9)

4 ( 13.3)

0.8404**

4 ( 8.3)

1 ( 4.2)

3 ( 12.5)

0.2963**

Hypertension

65 ( 62.5)

50 ( 67.6)

15 ( 50.0)

0.0936^^

25 ( 52.1)

13 ( 54.2)

12 ( 50.0)

0.7726^^

Diabetes Mellitus

63 ( 60.6)

47 ( 63.5)

16 ( 53.3)

0.3358^^

26 ( 54.2)

12 ( 50.0)

14 ( 58.3)

0.5623^^

Dyslipidemia

31 ( 29.8)

26 ( 35.1)

5 ( 16.7)

0.0621^^

12 ( 25.0)

7 ( 29.2)

5 ( 20.8)

0.5050^^

Ischemic heart disease (IHD)

5 ( 4.8)

5 ( 6.8)

0 ( 0.0)

0.1445**

2 ( 4.2)

2 ( 8.3)

0 ( 0.0)

0.1486**

Chronic kidney disease (CKD)

4 ( 3.8)

4 ( 5.4)

0 ( 0.0)

0.1941**

2 ( 4.2)

2 ( 8.3)

0 ( 0.0)

0.1486**

Cancer

4 ( 3.8)

4 ( 5.4)

0 ( 0.0)

0.1941**

2 ( 4.2)

2 ( 8.3)

0 ( 0.0)

0.1486**

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

NC

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

NC

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

NC

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

NC

Liver disease (any type)

3 ( 2.9)

1 ( 1.4)

2 ( 6.7)

0.1423**

2 ( 4.2)

0 ( 0.0)

2 ( 8.3)

0.1486**

  1. DEX Dexamethasone, mPRED Methylprednisolone
  2. *T Test / ^ Wilcoxon rank sum test is used to calculate the P-value
  3. ^^Chi square/ ** Fisher’s Exact teat is used to calculate P-value
  4. abNephrotoxic medications/ material included IV Vancomycin, Gentamicin, Amikacin, Contrast, Colistin, Furosemide, and/or Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
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